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Portuguese Civil Code, 1867

2538 sections · 4 chapters

Section 1 Approval of the Civil Code
Section 2 Commencement in continental territory
Section 3 Date of promulgation
Section 4 Provisions dependent on public offices
Section 5 Revocation of earlier legislation
Section 6 Modifications to the Code
Section 7 Commission of jurists
Section 8 Regulations for implementation
Section 9 Extension to overseas provinces
Section 10 Repeal of contradictory legislation
Section 11 Repeal of contrary legislation
Section 12 Principle of legitimation of exercise of right
Section 13 Immunity from damages resulting from exercise of right
Section 14 Conflict of rights
Section 15 Plain concurrence of rights
Section 16 Interpretation and integration of the law
Section 17 Applicability of the Portuguese Civil Code to Portuguese citizens only
Section 18 Acquisition of Portuguese citizenship
Section 19 Requirements for grant of naturalization
Section 20 Restrictions to the juridical capacity of the citizen by naturalization
Section 21 Registration of certificate of naturalization
Section 22 Loss of Portuguese citizenship
Section 23 Effects of recovery of Portuguese nationality
Section 24 Law governing civil acts of the Portuguese in foreign country
Section 25 Extra territorial jurisdiction of Portuguese courts
Section 26 Juridical capacity of foreigners in Portugal
Section 27 Law governing the status and capacity of foreigners
Section 28 International jurisdiction of Portuguese Courts
Section 29 International jurisdiction of Portuguese Courts
Section 30 Predominance of treaties
Section 31 Execution of judgements passed by foreign courts
Section 32 Concept of Juridical persons
Section 33 Recognition of legal persons
Section 34 Capacity of collective persons. Principle of speciality
Section 35 Capacity of legal persons to acquire assets
Section 36 Disposal of assets of dissolved legal persons
Section 37 Collective persons not included in Article 32
Section 38 Abolition of privilege of restitution in full
Section 39 Regulation of collective persons under private statutes for private purposes
Section 40 Purpose of the domicile
Section 41 Concept of domicile
Section 42 Types of domicile
Section 43 Domicile in case of more than one residence
Section 44 Change of domicile
Section 45 Domicile in the absence of permanent residence
Section 46 Special domicile
Section 47 Necessary domicile of the minor
Section 48 Necessary domicile of majors subject to guardianship
Section 49 Necessary domicile of married woman
Section 50 Domicile of servants and habitual workers
Section 51 Domicile of public servants
Section 52 Domicile of soldiers and sailors
Section 53 Domicile of the convicted accused
Section 54 Cessation of necessary domicile
Section 55 Provisional curatorship and conservatory measures of the properties of the absentee
Section 56 Who may apply for provisional curatorship
Section 57 Preferential order given in the matter of selection of the curator
Section 58 Inventory and security for the purpose of receiving assets
Section 59 Powers of the provisional curator
Section 60 Appointment of curator ad litem to the absentee
Section 61 Remuneration of the provisional curator
Section 62 Assistance of the Public Ministry to the absentee
Section 63 End of provisional curatorship
Section 64 Institution of the definitive Curatorship
Section 65 Formalities required for delivery and execution of the judgment
Section 66 Opening of closed will
Section 67 Delivery of the estate to the legatees and other interested parties
Section 68 Exclusion of original curator
Section 69 Inventory and security for the delivery of the assets
Section 70 Consequences of non-furnishing of security
Section 71 Rights of definitive curators
Section 72 Provisions regarding the assets and rights which accrue to the absentee
Section 73 Appropriation of income on the part of curators and other interested parties
Section 74 Other powers and rights of definitive curators
Section 75 Rendering of accounts by the definitive curators
Section 76 In which cases and under what terms the definitive curators may alienate assets of the absentee
Section 77 Compromise and renunciation of the inheritance on the part of curators
Section 78 Termination of definitive curatorship
Section 79 Effects of termination of the curatorship
Section 80 Return of the absentee or his descendants or ascendants
Section 81 Appearance of other heirs
Section 82 Inventory of the assets of the married absentee
Section 83 Administration of the assets of the married absentee, without issues
Section 84 Powers of the non-absentee spouse in respect of his/her assets
Section 85 Rights and obligations of the non-absentee spouse in respect of assets of the absentee
Section 86 Return of the absentee
Section 87 Termination of administration
Section 88 Effects of the death of non-absentee spouse
Section 89 Late return of the absentee
Section 90 Effects of absence, the absentee having left spouse and common issues
Section 91 Administration of the assets of absentee, where the children are major or emancipated
Section 92 Rules applicable in case there are minor children
Section 93 Rules in case the children are not common
Section 94 Late return of the absentee
Section 95 Simultaneous or successive absence of both the spouses leaving major issues
Section 96 Simultaneous or successive absence there being minor issues
Section 97 Definition of minority
Section 98 Legal incapacity of minor
Section 99 Who can plead Minor’s incapacity
Section 100 Making up for minor’s incapacity
Section 101 Children who are presumed to be legitimate
Section 102 Legitimacy of the children born within 180 days subsequent to marriage
Section 103 How the presumption of Article 101 can be rebutted
Section 104 How the presumption of illegitimacy of the child born after 300 days can be rebutted
Section 105 Challenge based on the impotency of the husband
Section 106 Who can challenge the legitimacy of the children
Section 107 Time limit for challenge of legitimacy by the father
Section 108 Challenge of legitimacy by the heirs of the husband
Section 109 Limitation for the suit which can be instituted by the heirs
Section 110 Condition for acquisition of personality
Section 111 Assertion of the status of legitimate child
Section 112 Locus standi of heirs in the suits for assertion of the status
Section 113 Appointment of tutor to the child and hearing given to mother
Section 114 Proof of legitimate filiation
Section 115 Concept of possession of status
Section 116 Other means of the proof of legitimate filiation
Section 117 Probative value of the registration of the birth
Section 118 Proof admissible against assertion of status
Section 119 Legitimated children
Section 120 Persons who are benefited by legitimation
Section 121 Effects of legitimation
Section 122 Children who may be legitimated by acknowledgement
Section 123 Eternal form of legitimation by recognition
Section 124 Restrictions on voluntary legitimation through acknowledgement by one of the parents
Section 125 Ingredients of the legitimation by recognition in separate
Section 126 Necessity of the consent of a major child
Section 127 Limitation for challenging the legitimation by recognition of minor child
Section 128 Who can contest the recognition or the challenge to the recognition
Section 129 Effect of legitimation by recognition
Section 130 Cases in which investigation into illegitimate paternity is admissible
Section 131 Suit for investigation into maternity
Section 132 Cases in which investigation into paternity or maternity is not permissible
Section 133 Limitation for investigation of suits for declaration
Section 134 Meaning of spurious children
Section 135 Legal position of children who may not be acknowledged
Section 136 Requirements for demands of maintenance
Section 137 Content of parental authority
Section 138 Attributes of each parent in the exercise of parental authority
Section 139 Exercise of parental authority by mother
Section 140 Duty of parents towards children
Section 141 Limitations on parental power
Section 142 Children’s duties towards parents
Section 143 Corrective power
Section 144 Assets of which parents have right to ownership and usufruct
Section 145 Assets of which parents have right to usufruct only
Section 146 Assets over which only parents have right to administration
Section 147 Assets over which parents have no rights whatsoever
Section 148 Charges on statutory usufruct
Section 149 Cessation of usufruct
Section 150 Restriction on powers of parents as regards children’s assets
Section 151 Furnishing of security
Section 152 Submission of accounts
Section 153 Conflict of interests between parents and minor children
Section 154 Delivery of assets and income to children
Section 155 Parental authority after death of one parent
Section 156 Inventory of minor’s assets
Section 157 Guardian of child in womb
Section 158 Duties of curator of orphans
Section 159 Appointment of advisors to widow
Section 160 Who may be appointed advisor
Section 161 Prohibition against mother from exercising maternal control
Section 162 Maternal power of re-married mother
Section 163 Administration of the assets of the minor
Section 164 Restoration of the administration
Section 165 Regulation in the event of annulment of marriage or judicial separation
Section 166 Parental authority in relation to children legitimated by recognition
Section 167 Parental power over non- legitimated children
Section 168 Grounds for suspension of Parental authority
Section 169 Continuance of usufruct
Section 170 Termination of parental authority
Section 171 Meaning of maintenance
Section 172 Duty to pay maintenance
Section 173 Duty to pay maintenance in absence of parents
Section 174 Providers of maintenance in absence of parents and other ascendants
Section 175 Maintenance to acknowledged children
Section 176 Devolution of duty to provide maintenance
Section 177 Liability for maintenance in absence of ascendants and brothers or sisters
Section 178 Criteria for fixation of maintenance
Section 179 Termination of duty to provide maintenance
Section 180 Termination or reduction of maintenance due to reprehensible conduct
Section 181 Reduction of maintenance
Section 182 Relinquishment of maintenance
Section 183 Manner of providing maintenance
Section 184 Date of payment of maintenance
Section 185 When guardianship of minors arises
Section 186 Mandatory nature of the duty of guardianship
Section 187 Guardianship through whom exercised
Section 188 Territorial Jurisdiction of Courts
Section 189 Intimation of demise of person leaving minor heirs
Section 190 Interim measures and institution of Inventory
Section 191 Judicial intervention suo moto
Section 192 Responsibility of the Judge and the Public Ministry
Section 193 Appointment of guardian in Will
Section 194 Sole or multiple guardians
Section 195 Lapse of appointment made by mother
Section 196 Successive guardians
Section 197 Appointment of guardian or administrator by third person
Section 198 Term of testamentary guardians
Section 199 When legal guardianship arises
Section 200 Devolution of statutory guardianship
Section 201 Duration and confirmation of legal guardianship
Section 202 When guardianship by appointment arises
Section 203 Who can appoint the guardian
Section 204 Duration of dative guardianship
Section 205 Appointment of pro-guardian
Section 206 Rules about the appointment of pro- guardian
Section 207 Composition of the family council
Section 208 Composition of the council with strangers
Section 209 Composition with relatives residing outside the jurisdiction of the Inventory Court
Section 210 Meeting of family council
Section 211 Notice of the meeting
Section 212 Intervention of the child above 14 years
Section 213 Compulsory appearance of the members
Section 214 Penalty for non-appearance
Section 215 Intervention of the Public Ministry and guardian
Section 216 Presiding officer
Section 217 Quorum necessary for decision
Section 218 Conflict of interest
Section 219 Decision by majority
Section 220 Function of the Public Ministry
Section 221 Powers of the curators of orphans
Section 222 Joint responsibility of the curator and of the Judge
Section 223 Penalty to the judge when he fails to hear the curator
Section 224 Power of the Family council
Section 225 Single guardian
Section 226 Composition and functions of the council of guardianship
Section 227 Grounds for exemption of guardianship and pro-guardianship
Section 228 Exemption of the persons who are not relatives
Section 229 When the exemption should be sought
Section 230 When the ground for exemption cease to exist
Section 231 Consequences of rejection of the appeal
Section 232 Effects of exemption
Section 233 Exemption by members of family council
Section 234 Persons who are barred of being guardians, pro-guardians, or members of the council
Section 235 Grounds for removal of guardian
Section 236 Power of the council for exclusion or removal of guardian and pro-guardian
Section 237 Reasoned order
Section 238 Immediate execution
Section 239 Appeal against the decision of the council
Section 240 Provisional measure in the case of exclusion
Section 241 Provisional measure in case of removal
Section 242 Prohibition for the office for member of family council
Section 243 Functions of the guardian
Section 244 Acts prohibited to the guardian
Section 245 Restriction to clause 4 of preceding article
Section 246 Amount payable to the guardian by the minor prior to the guardianship
Section 247 Remuneration to the guardian
Section 248 Responsibilities of the guardian
Section 249 Accounts by the guardian
Section 250 Examination and approval of the accounts
Section 251 Documentation of the accounts
Section 252 Assurance as the expenses incurred by the guardian
Section 253 Interest payable in case of deficit by the guardian
Section 254 Balance in favour of guardian
Section 255 Liability of the guardian in debt
Section 256 Rendering of accounts by heirs or representatives of the guardian
Section 257 Rendering of accounts toward former wards major or emancipated
Section 258 Functions of pro-guardian
Section 259 Attendance at meetings of the family council
Section 260 Supervision over the administration by the guardian
Section 261 Delegation by guardian to pro guardian
Section 262 Acts prohibited to the pro-guardian and his responsibility
Section 263 Lease of the assets of the minors
Section 264 Lease upto 3 years
Section 265 Leases for a period exceeding 3 years
Section 266 Leases left to the discretion of the father
Section 267 Sale of movable assets
Section 268 Sale of the immovable assets of the minor
Section 269 Sale of the assets outside the jurisdiction of the inventory
Section 270 Fixing of value of assets
Section 271 Value in case of second auction
Section 272 Second auction or forgoing of alienation
Section 273 Formalities to be observed in case of auction
Section 274 Alienation of assets of the minor subject to the paternal power
Section 275 General rule in respect of guardianship of the children legitimated by recognition
Section 276 Council of neighbours
Section 277 Appointment of the guardian by the acknowledging parent
Section 278 No legal guardianship
Section 279 Appointment of the guardian by the father or mother
Section 280 Appointment of the guardian by the Court
Section 281 Suits for maintenance
Section 282 Composition and regime of guardianship
Section 283 Minor deemed as abandoned
Section 284 Guardianship of foundlings and abandoned minors
Section 285 Destination of the children after attaining 7 years of age
Section 286 Career of the child
Section 287 Guardian of foundlings or abandoned children
Section 288 Outer limit to impose restrictions
Section 289 Optional emancipation
Section 290 Property rights of a foundling or of an abandoned child
Section 291 Legal emancipation
Section 292 Legal succession of the foundling or the abandoned child
Section 293 Provisions applicable to the foundling or abandoned child in other circumstances
Section 294 Protection to the children of indigent persons
Section 295 Right of the parents to get back the children
Section 296 Restrictions of the guardianship vesting on the municipalities
Section 297 Abolition of the privilege of restitution in full
Section 298 Acts of the minor which are not valid
Section 299 Voidable Acts
Section 300 Register of guardianship
Section 301 Contents of the book
Section 302 Alphabetical index
Section 303 Responsibility of the clerk or of the judge
Section 304 Modes of emancipation
Section 305 Effects of emancipation
Section 306 Requisites for validity of emancipation by marriage
Section 307 Requisites for validity of emancipation by grant
Section 308 Formalities of the emancipation
Section 309 Proceeding for the emancipated person to get administration of his assets
Section 310 Irrevocability of emancipation
Section 311 Age for attaining majority and its effect
Section 312 Application for delivery of assets
Section 313 Cases in which the judge should withhold the delivery of the assets
Section 314 Juridical concept of insanity and its modalities
Section 315 Who can apply for interdiction
Section 316 Cases in which the Public Ministry may petition
Section 317 Steps to be observed in the proceedings of interdiction
Section 318 Formation of Family Council
Section 319 Registration and publication of the judgement
Section 320 Priorities according to which the guardianship is granted
Section 321 Effects of interdiction
Section 322 Regime of Guardianship granted in favour of father or mother of the interdicted
Section 323 Regime of Guardianship granted in favour of other spouse
Section 324 Cases in which there is no room for inventory
Section 325 Exemption to render the accounts
Section 326 Powers of husband - guardian
Section 327 Power of wife as guardian
Section 328 Powers of other guardians
Section 329 Expansion of guardianship of interdicted in respect of minor issues
Section 330 Appointment of proguardian
Section 331 Duration of guardianship
Section 332 Main purpose of the guardianship
Section 333 Need of judicial permission for restrictive measures against personal liberty
Section 334 Annulment of act subsequent to judgement
Section 335 Nullities of acts prior to judgement
Section 336 Vacating of the interdiction
Section 337 Guardianship of deaf-dumb
Section 338 Extent & limits of the Interdiction
Section 339 Who can apply for Interdiction
Section 340 Legal concept of prodigality
Section 341 Who can apply for interdiction
Section 342 Competent Court for the suit
Section 343 Form of the proceedings of interdiction
Section 344 Extension of the interdiction. Registration of the order
Section 345 Capacity of the prodigal
Section 346 Administration of the assets of the prodigal and of his children under disability
Section 347 Patrimonial capacity of the wife of the prodigal
Section 348 Fixation of the quantum for ordinary expenses
Section 349 Appointment of provisional curator
Section 350 Appeal against the acts of the curator
Section 351 Rights and obligations of the administrators of the assets
Section 352 Lifting of the interdiction
Section 353 Rescission of acts performed in a state of accidental incapacity
Section 354 Possibility of filing other suits
Section 355 Incapacity resulting from a penal sentence
Section 356 Notification of curator
Section 357 Extension and effects of curatorship
Section 358 Duration of curatorship
Section 359 Original rights
Section 360 Right to existence
Section 361 Right to liberty
Section 362 Inviolability of thought
Section 363 Right to expression
Section 364 Right of action
Section 365 Right of association
Section 366 Right of appropriation
Section 367 Right of defence
Section 368 Characteristics of original rights
Section 369 Juridical notion of a thing
Section 370 Things susceptible to appropriation
Section 371 Things outside commerce
Section 372 Criteria for exclusion of things from commerce
Section 373 Movable and immovable things
Section 374 Immovables by nature and by human act
Section 375 Immovables by operation of law
Section 376 Movables by nature or by operation of law
Section 377 Immobile things and mobiliary things
Section 378 Movables of a house or building
Section 379 Public, common or private things
Section 380 Enumeration of public things
Section 381 List of common things
Section 382 Private things
Section 383 Occupation as a means of acquisition
Section 384 Hunting
Section 385 Hunting in cultivated lands
Section 386 Hunting in plantation lands
Section 387 Hunting in orchard lands
Section 388 Right to the wounded prey
Section 389 Right to the kill
Section 390 Duties of the hunter
Section 391 Hunting in enclosed properties
Section 392 Animals prejudicial to cultivation
Section 393 Protection of fledglings
Section 394 Regulation of hunting
Section 395 Fishing in public waters
Section 396 Prohibition of encroachment in lands on river banks
Section 397 Fishing in private waters
Section 398 Regulation of fishing
Section 399 Fishing in private nurseries
Section 400 Occupancy of wild animals
Section 401 Right to the occupied animal
Section 402 Occupation of swarms of bees
Section 403 Escaped ferocious animals
Section 404 Occupation of domestic animals
Section 405 Lost animals
Section 406 Duties of the finder
Section 407 Communication to the owner
Section 408 Unknown owner
Section 409 Expenses with the animal found
Section 410 Responsibility of the finder
Section 411 Occupancy of movables
Section 412 Things abandoned at transport stations
Section 413 Lost things
Section 414 Obligation of finder
Section 415 Unknown owner
Section 416 Publicity as to the thing found
Section 417 Notices to be free of cost
Section 418 Expenses in preserving the thing
Section 419 Rights of the finder
Section 420 Liability of the finder
Section 421 Presumption of loss of thing
Section 422 Meaning of treasure
Section 423 Duty to inform and announce the finding
Section 424 Ownership of treasure
Section 425 Search of treasures in the property of another
Section 426 Search in public property
Section 427 Unlawful appropriation
Section 428 Shipwrecked vessels
Section 429 Animals washed ashore
Section 430 Natural products not appropriated
Section 431 Use of public waters
Section 432 Permanent construction or work
Section 433 Lapse of right due to abandonment of work
Section 434 Use of waters which are neither navigable nor floatable
Section 435 Alteration of the water bed
Section 436 Sharing of waters amongst adjoining properties
Section 437 Rights of adjoining owners
Section 438 Saving of acquired rights
Section 439 Regulation of future use
Section 440 Domestic use
Section 441 Duty not to pollute excess waters
Section 442 Free flow of water
Section 443 Liability of defaulters
Section 444 Springs and water sources
Section 445 Medicinal waters
Section 446 Flow of falling waters
Section 447 Use by local residents or families
Section 448 Compensation to owner of water sources
Section 449 Change of water course
Section 450 Subterranean waters
Section 451 Fountain or public reservoir
Section 452 Underground water in public land
Section 453 Rain waters from falls and floods
Section 454 Rain waters falling over private property
Section 455 No prescription on rain waters
Section 456 Legal easement of aqueducts
Section 457 Legal procedure
Section 458 Maintenance of aqueduct
Section 459 Change of aqueduct
Section 460 Compulsory sharing of aqueduct
Section 461 Easement for water flow
Section 462 Draining of properties
Section 463 Legal easement for water gates
Section 464 Compulsory sharing of water gates
Section 465 Search for minerals
Section 466 Search and extraction of minerals in the property of another
Section 467 Regulation of mining
Section 468 Occupancy of vegetable matter in water
Section 469 Vegetable substances in common waters
Section 470 Vegetable substances dumped on private land
Section 471 Regulation of right to occupancy
Section 472 Vegetable substances belonging to the State
Section 473 Vegetable substances on Municipal or village land
Section 474 Concept of Possession
Section 475 Kinds of Possession
Section 476 Meaning of Good Faith and Bad Faith
Section 477 Presumption of Ownership
Section 478 Presumption of Good faith
Section 479 Objects of Possession
Section 480 Capacity to possess
Section 481 Mode of exercise of possession
Section 482 Loss of possession
Section 483 Heritability of Possession
Section 484 Protection and Restoration of Possession
Section 485 Suit to protect possession
Section 486 Restoration and preservation of possession by party himself or through Court
Section 487 Suit for recovery of possession
Section 488 Possession for a period of less than one year
Section 489 Possession for a period exceeding one year
Section 490 Scope of possessory suits
Section 491 Consequences of preservation and recovery of possession by legal means
Section 492 Compensation for disturbing possession
Section 493 Place of Restoration
Section 494 Damage to or loss of thing possessed in good faith
Section 495 Enjoyment by possessor in good faith
Section 496 Liability of possessor in bad faith
Section 497 Return of produce
Section 498 Expenses for conservation
Section 499 Valuable improvements
Section 500 Unnecessary improvements
Section 501 Set off of improvements and deteriorations
Section 502 Unnecessary improvements
Section 503 Improvements not attributable to the possessor
Section 504 Rights to sue for possession – limitation
Section 505 Concept of prescription
Section 506 Object of prescription
Section 507 Benefit of prescription
Section 508 Bar on relinquishment of rights through prescription
Section 509 Enforcement of prescription by interested parties
Section 510 Acquisition of title by prescription
Section 511 Prescription by joint possessor
Section 512 Prescription acquired by co-owner
Section 513 Prescription by joint debtor
Section 514 Prescription as defence
Section 515 Need to plead prescription
Section 516 Prescription against the State and legal persons
Section 517 Ingredients of prescriptive possession
Section 518 Possession based on title
Section 519 Proof of title
Section 520 Good faith
Section 521 Peaceful possession
Section 522 Continuous possession
Section 523 Public possession
Section 524 Registration of possession
Section 525 Provisional Registration
Section 526 Time limits for prescription
Section 527 Bad faith and absence of title
Section 528 Absence of registration
Section 529 Absence of registration, bad faith and absence of title
Section 530 Variation from the preceding provisions
Section 531 Rights rarely exercised
Section 532 Time limit for prescription of movables
Section 533 Prescription of lost or stolen movables
Section 534 Return of object purchased by third party in good faith
Section 535 General period for negative prescription
Section 536 Counting of time limit for prescription
Section 537 Obligations not subject to prescription
Section 538 Prescriptions of 6 months
Section 539 Prescriptions of one year
Section 540 Prescriptions of two years
Section 541 Prescriptions of three years
Section 542 Acknowledgement on oath as proof of payment
Section 543 Prescription of five years
Section 544 Bad faith
Section 545 Obligations bearing interest or rent
Section 546 Duty to furnish accounts
Section 547 Special prescriptions
Section 548 Against whom prescriptions may run
Section 549 Suspension of prescription
Section 550 Prescription against minors
Section 551 Causes of suspension
Section 552 Causes of interruption of prescription
Section 553 Survival of the effects of a nullified notice
Section 554 Interruption against sole debtor
Section 555 Interruption against heirs of the debtor
Section 556 Interruption which benefits the surety
Section 557 Interruption in joint liabilities
Section 558 Interruption in favour of joint creditor
Section 559 Effects of interruption
Section 560 Counting of time
Section 561 Prescription counted by days
Section 562 Beginning and end of prescriptive period
Section 563 Term ending on a holiday
Section 564 Prescriptions which commence before the Code
Section 565 Rights not affected by prescription
Section 566 Transitory provisions regarding counting of time periods
Section 567 Work as a means of acquisition
Section 568 Liability in the exercise of right to work
Section 569 Ownership of the produce of labour
Section 570 Right to publish literary work
Section 571 Publication of statutory instruments
Section 572 Publication of official speeches
Section 573 Publication of lectures and sermons
Section 574 Ownership of manuscripts
Section 575 Letters sent
Section 576 Copyright
Section 577 Rights of foreign author
Section 578 Principle of reciprocity
Section 579 Devolution of the rights of a writer
Section 580 Copyright by the State
Section 581 Co authorship
Section 582 Copyright of Editors
Section 583 Anonymous and pseudonymous works
Section 584 Transitory provision regarding copyright
Section 585 Copyright in posthumous work
Section 586 Work of unidentified author
Section 587 Acquisition of copyright through expropriation
Section 588 Duties of editor
Section 589 Commencement of publication
Section 590 Nature of copyright
Section 591 Work in public domain
Section 592 Copyright not subject to prescription
Section 593 Writings prohibited by law
Section 594 Copyright in dramatic works
Section 595 Performance of drama
Section 596 Unauthorized performance
Section 597 Share of the author cannot be encumbered
Section 598 Modifications to the play during performance
Section 599 Legal force of a performance contract
Section 600 Rescission of the contract
Section 601 Jurisdiction
Section 602 Copyright in artistic works
Section 603 Pre-requisites for legal protection
Section 604 Compulsory deposit and registration
Section 605 Registration of works
Section 606 Evidentiary value of works
Section 607 Infringement of literary or artistic copyright
Section 608 Fraudulent printing or reproduction
Section 609 Sale of fraudulent work
Section 610 Unauthorized publication of manuscript
Section 611 Injunction on fraudulent work
Section 612 Criminal liability of counterfeiter
Section 613 Patents
Section 614 Grant of patent
Section 615 Inventions not susceptible to patent
Section 616 Commencement of patent
Section 617 Scope of patent
Section 618 Expropriation of patent
Section 619 Addition to inventions
Section 620 Additional privilege
Section 621 Patent for improvements
Section 622 Concession of privilege for improvements
Section 623 Preference amongst third parties as regards improvements
Section 624 Rights of third party applying for patents for improvements
Section 625 Regulations of patents
Section 626 Regulation of Patents
Section 627 External form of transfer of privilege
Section 628 Rights of cessionary
Section 629 Information of the proceedings of patents
Section 630 Publication of invention
Section 631 Lapse of patent
Section 632 Nullity of patent
Section 633 Loss of patent
Section 634 Locus standi in suits for annulment of patent
Section 635 Limitation for filing suit
Section 636 Liability of counterfeiters
Section 637 Seizure of counterfeited objects
Section 638 Disposal of seized objects
Section 639 Criminal prosecution
Section 640 Jurisdiction of criminal court
Section 641 Definition of contract
Section 642 Unilateral and bilateral contract
Section 643 Requisites of contract
Section 644 Who can enter into contract
Section 645 Formal representation
Section 646 Efficacy of ratification
Section 647 Expression of will
Section 648 Modes of expression
Section 649 Time of formation of contract
Section 650 Contract amongst persons present
Section 651 Contract amongst absent persons
Section 652 Presumed refusal of proposal
Section 653 Maintenance of proposal
Section 654 Counter proposal
Section 655 Liability of the heirs of the proposers
Section 656 Consent given by mistake or coercion
Section 657 Kinds of relevant errors
Section 658 Error as to cause
Section 659 Error of law as regards cause
Section 660 Error of fact as to cause
Section 661 Error as to object of contract
Section 662 Mistake as to the other party
Section 663 Error arising from fraud or bad faith
Section 664 Error of common and general nature
Section 665 Error of calculation or writing
Section 666 Coercion
Section 667 Considerations which are not relevant in ascertaining fraud or coercion
Section 668 Relinquishment of right of annulment arising from fraud or coercion
Section 669 Requirements of object of contract
Section 670 Physical impossibility
Section 671 Legal impossibility
Section 672 Freedom to contract
Section 673 Penal clause
Section 674 Relevance of penal clause
Section 675 Reduction of agreed penalty
Section 676 Tacit stipulations as to performance
Section 677 Cases in which the penalty does not apply
Section 678 Condition precedent
Section 679 Fulfillment of condition precedent
Section 680 Condition subsequent
Section 681 Termination due to fraud
Section 682 Protection of rights in conditional contracts
Section 683 Impossibility of performance
Section 684 Interpretation of contracts
Section 685 Doubts as to secondary clauses of the contracts
Section 686 External form of contracts
Section 687 Annulment on account of legal incapacity
Section 688 Limitation of suit for annulment
Section 689 Annulment by reason of mistake
Section 690 Coercion
Section 691 Rescission for object being outside commerce
Section 692 Contract for criminal or unlawful purposes
Section 693 Nullity as means of defence
Section 694 Locus standi in suit for annulment
Section 695 Who can avail of nullity
Section 696 Ratification of void contract
Section 697 Effects of annulment
Section 698 Recovery of part payment made to legally disabled party
Section 699 Irregularity in representation of disabled party
Section 700 Annulment not extensible to capable parties
Section 701 Lack of consent of one of the spouses
Section 702 General principles as to performance
Section 703 Assignment of contract
Section 704 Contract to be performed alongwith consequences
Section 705 Legitimate clauses for non-performance
Section 706 Compensation for losses and damages
Section 707 Quantum of compensation
Section 708 Stipulation of civil liability
Section 709 Rescission of bilateral contract
Section 710 Mode of performance
Section 711 Failure to perform agreed act
Section 712 Option to obtain performance through another
Section 713 Negative stipulation
Section 714 Mode of delivery of things
Section 715 Alienation of specified things
Section 716 Alienation of generic things
Section 717 Liability for loss or damages
Section 718 Successive alienation
Section 719 Liability for the subject matter
Section 720 Losses and damages in financial obligations
Section 721 Bar on part performance
Section 722 Installment made up of ascertained and unascertained parts
Section 723 Stipulation of financial obligations
Section 724 Payment in cash
Section 725 Where the stipulated currency has ceased to exist
Section 726 Supplementary nature of preceding provisions
Section 727 Nominal nature of cash transactions
Section 728 Choice of debts by debtor
Section 729 Appropriation of payments
Section 730 Payment on account of debt with interest
Section 731 Joint debtors
Section 732 Default in delivery of things
Section 733 Performance in the alternative
Section 734 Loss of one of the objects
Section 735 Loss of both the objects by default of the debtor
Section 736 Loss of both the objects due to no fault of the debtor
Section 737 Loss of one of the things due to fault of the creditor
Section 738 Performance in the alternative
Section 739 Place and time of performance
Section 740 Benefit of stipulation of time
Section 741 Anticipated demand
Section 742 Default in payment of debt in installments
Section 743 Demand where time is not stipulated
Section 744 Place of performance
Section 745 Mode of delivery of immovables
Section 746 Expenses of delivery
Section 747 Who should perform
Section 748 To whom should payment be made
Section 749 Payment to third party
Section 750 Joint creditors
Section 751 Rights and liabilities of joint creditor
Section 752 Joint debtors
Section 753 Insolvency of joint debtor
Section 754 Right of recovery of the joint debtor
Section 755 Loss of things attributable to joint debtor
Section 756 Defences available to joint debtor
Section 757 Liability of heirs
Section 758 Payment of debt not due
Section 759 Deposit in court
Section 760 Doubt as to liability
Section 761 Efficacy of deposit
Section 762 Withdrawal of unclaimed deposit
Section 763 Operation of judgement
Section 764 Expenses for the deposit
Section 765 Set-off
Section 766 Partial set-off
Section 767 Where set-off is not permissible
Section 768 Effect of set-off
Section 769 Payment of debt susceptible to set-off
Section 770 Plurality of debts susceptible to set-off
Section 771 Waiver of right to set-off
Section 772 Debts which cannot be set-off
Section 773 Presumed relinquishment of rights to set-off
Section 774 Claim of set-off against assignee of a debt
Section 775 Saving of the rights of third parties
Section 776 Debts payable at different places
Section 777 Set-off in case of assignment without notice
Section 778 Payment by third party on behalf of the debtor with his consent
Section 779 Payment by third party without consent of the debtor
Section 780 Subrogation in favour of the lender or usurer
Section 781 Rights of the subrogee
Section 782 Preference to the original creditor over the subrogee
Section 783 Cases in which partial subrogation cannot take effect
Section 784 Order of payments to subrogees
Section 785 Cession - Assignment
Section 786 Assignment by onerous title of litigious obligation
Section 787 Efficacy of decree over litigious credit
Section 788 Litigious right
Section 789 Mode of assignment
Section 790 Preference amongst assignees
Section 791 Consequences of notice between the assignors and the debtor
Section 792 Operation of the notice as against third parties
Section 793 Effects of assignments
Section 794 Liability of assignor
Section 795 Time limit for the liability of the assignor
Section 796 Merger of rights and obligations
Section 797 Effect of merger on guarantor
Section 798 Effect of merger on the guarantor and the creditor
Section 799 Merger of joint liabilities
Section 800 Impermissibility of merger of debt where inheritance is accepted under benefit of inventory
Section 801 Extinguishment of merger
Section 802 Novation
Section 803 Novation not to be presumed
Section 804 Novation by substitution of the debtor
Section 805 Discharge of debtor
Section 806 Cases where novation does not arise
Section 807 Effects of novation
Section 808 Benefits of novation of joint debt
Section 809 Novation of joint debt
Section 810 Novation of extinguished debt
Section 811 Novation of conditional debt
Section 812 Novation of void debt
Section 813 Nullity of novation
Section 814 Defences available to the substituted debtor
Section 815 Discharge and renunciation
Section 816 Result of discharge in relation to the guarantor
Section 817 Discharge to a joint guarantor
Section 818 Definition of guarantee
Section 819 Who can guarantee
Section 820 Capacity of married women to be a guarantor
Section 821 Stipulation of guarantee
Section 822 Accessory character of guarantee
Section 823 Extension of guarantee
Section 824 Requirements of the guarantor
Section 825 Replacement of guarantee
Section 826 External form of guarantee
Section 827 Security for the guarantor
Section 828 Mode of furnishing security
Section 829 Proof of security and regulations thereof
Section 830 Secondary character of guarantee
Section 831 Liability of debtor and guarantor to pay
Section 832 Demand on the debtor
Section 833 Right to recover properties through execution in case of decree jointly passed
Section 834 Effect of compromise with creditor
Section 835 Where there is more than one guarantor
Section 836 Liability for insolvency of the other guarantors
Section 837 Right to recover assets through execution in security contract
Section 838 Guarantor’s right to recover
Section 839 Subrogation of guarantor in the rights of the creditor
Section 840 Guarantor’s right of recovery against joint debtors
Section 841 Defences available in suit for recovery by guarantor
Section 842 Absence of notice of payment to debtor
Section 843 Payment by guarantor before due date
Section 844 Discharge of guarantor
Section 845 Guarantor’s recourse against co-guarantor
Section 846 Defences permissible to the co-sureties (co-guarantors)
Section 847 Liability of one who secures the guarantor
Section 848 Extinguishment of guarantee
Section 849 Survival of the security
Section 850 Gift for consideration
Section 851 Effect of discharge of one of the guarantors
Section 852 Moratorium given to debtor without consent of the guarantor
Section 853 Impossibility of complete subrogation of guarantor attributable to the creditor
Section 854 Defences permissible to the guarantor against the creditor
Section 855 Definition of pledge
Section 856 Purpose of pledge
Section 857 Pledge of private credit documents
Section 858 Conditions for efficacy of pledge
Section 859 Who can pledge
Section 860 Rights of Pawnee
Section 861 Liabilities of Pawnee
Section 862 Rights of debtor in relation to the pledged object
Section 863 Judicial sale of pledged object
Section 864 Extra judicial sale or adjudication of the pledged object by mutual consent
Section 865 Release of the pledged object
Section 866 Sale for a price different from the guaranteed debt
Section 867 Adjustment of expenses against the proceeds of the thing pledged
Section 868 Stipulation of the setting-off of different interests
Section 869 Eviction of the pledged object upon sale
Section 870 Continuance of pledge
Section 871 Presumed remission of pledge
Section 872 Effects of remission of pledge
Section 873 Consignment of incomes
Section 874 Modalities of assignment
Section 875 External form of assignment
Section 876 Duration of assignment of incomes
Section 877 Duration of assignment
Section 878 Meaning of privilege in credit
Section 879 Types of privileges
Section 880 Privileges on fruits of land
Section 881 Privileges on rent of buildings
Section 882 Third category of special mobiliary privileges
Section 883 Fourth category of special mobiliary privileges
Section 884 General mobiliary privileges
Section 885 Privileges of the Public Exchequer
Section 886 Rights of Pawnee
Section 887 Immobile privileges
Section 888 Meaning of mortgages
Section 889 Object of mortgage
Section 890 Immobile assets capable of being mortgaged
Section 891 Accessories to mortgage
Section 892 Effects of mortgage
Section 893 Indivisibility of mortgage
Section 894 Capacity to mortgage
Section 895 Who may mortgage
Section 896 Mortgage with condition precedent or condition subsequent
Section 897 Preference to creditors of inheritance
Section 898 Mortgage of possessory rights
Section 899 Duration of mortgage of possessory rights
Section 900 Mortgage relating to credit with interest
Section 901 Additional security for mortgage
Section 902 Destruction of mortgaged property
Section 903 Right of the mortgagor
Section 904 Types of mortgages
Section 905 Meaning of statutory mortgages
Section 906 Credits secured by statutory mortgages
Section 907 Mortgages to secure privileged credits
Section 908 Statutory mortgages which cannot be renounced
Section 909 Assets covered by statutory mortgages
Section 910 Sources of voluntary mortgages
Section 911 Assets which can be subject to voluntary mortgages
Section 912 External form
Section 913 Duration and conditions of mortgages
Section 914 Successive mortgages over the same property
Section 915 Mortgages over common assets
Section 916 Mode of effecting certain statutory mortgages
Section 917 Assets covered by mortgage effected under Art. 916(1)
Section 918 Statutory mortgage in favour of legally disabled
Section 919 Mode of constituting statutory mortgage in favour of legally disabled and absentees
Section 920 Judicial indication of assets to be mortgaged
Section 921 Powers of family council
Section 922 Registration of mortgage
Section 923 Appeals against deliberation of councils
Section 924 Partial cancellation of mortgage registration
Section 925 Statutory mortgage, in favour of married woman
Section 926 Extent of mortgage and additional security for the same
Section 927 Reduction of mortgage
Section 928 Nullity of renunciation of right to register
Section 929 Measures to secure the dowry of minors
Section 930 Conversion of provisional registration of mortgage into final registration
Section 931 Statutory mortgage in favour of surviving spouse
Section 932 Statutory mortgage for the guarantee of maintenance liabilities
Section 933 Mortgage in favour of property credit establishments
Section 934 Statutory mortgage for guarantee of payment of owelty money
Section 935 Statutory mortgage in favour of legatees
Section 936 Making and registration of voluntary mortgage
Section 937 Valuation of assets to be mortgaged
Section 938 Redemption of mortgages
Section 939 Notification of registered mortgage creditors
Section 940 Redemption of mortgage guarantees installments
Section 941 Auction sought by third parties
Section 942 Auction insufficient for covering the guaranteed credit
Section 943 Waiver of auction by the applicant
Section 944 Right of mortgage creditors who do not appear
Section 945 Preservation of rights of absentee creditors not fully paid
Section 946 Complete cancellation of encumbrance of mortgage property
Section 947 Compulsory nature of the notice to creditors
Section 948 Rights of mortgage creditors left out
Section 949 Acts subject to registration
Section 950 Territorial Jurisdiction of Land Registration Office for effecting registrations
Section 951 Consequences of absence of registration
Section 952 Effectiveness of possession apart from registration
Section 953 Juridical or Civil Possession
Section 954 Judicial delivery and possession of immobile assets
Section 955 Transfer of unspecified assets, when found specified later
Section 956 Order of Priority of Inscriptions in Land Registration Office
Section 957 Books to be maintained in the Registration Office
Section 958 Mode of making registration entries
Section 959 Extract of Property Description
Section 960 Extract of Inscriptions
Section 961 Responsibilities of the Land Registrar
Section 962 Responsibility of the Land Registrar for omissions in the registration extract
Section 963 Certificate of Registration
Section 964 Efficacy of registration of mortgages effected in a foreign country
Section 965 Duration of the effectiveness of registration
Section 966 Provisional Registration
Section 967 Transactions subject to provisional registration
Section 968 Discretionary nature of provisional registration
Section 969 Form of provisional registration
Section 970 Conversion of provisional registration into final registration
Section 971 Provisional registration of dowries
Section 972 How provisional registration has to be done
Section 973 Order of priority of provisional registration converted into final
Section 974 Lapse of provisional registration
Section 975 Renewal of provisional registration of suits
Section 976 Provisional registration of certain mortgages
Section 977 Renewal of provisional registration of dowries
Section 978 Documents admissible for final registration
Section 979 Registration of mortgages made in foreign countries
Section 980 Pre-conditions for Registration
Section 981 Refusal of final registration
Section 982 Liability of the Land Registrar for refusal
Section 983 Duplicate of the document to be registered
Section 984 Fake Registration
Section 985 Publicity of registration and responsibility of the Land Registrars
Section 986 Responsibility of the Land Registrars
Section 987 Special regulation for property registration
Section 988 Cancellation of registration
Section 989 Meaning of cancellation
Section 990 Voluntary cancellation of provisional registration
Section 991 Statutory cancellation of provisional Land Registration
Section 992 Voluntary cancellation of final registration
Section 993 Cancellation of mortgage concerning legally disabled person
Section 994 Cancellation requested on the basis of prescription
Section 995 Cancellation of defective registration
Section 996 Court having jurisdiction for a suit under Article 995
Section 997 Cancellation of defective inscriptions made in various Land Registration offices
Section 998 Requirements for valid cancellation
Section 999 Void Cancellation
Section 1000 Registration of prior mortgages
Section 1001 Assets covered by registration
Section 1002 Right to apply for certain statutory mortgages
Section 1003 Right to apply for registration of mortgages to the benefit of married woman
Section 1004 Provisions applicable to registrations referred to in preceding provisions
Section 1005 Preferential rights amongst competing creditors
Section 1006 Comparative efficacy of privileged credits and mortgages
Section 1007 Competing claim between general and special privileged credits over mobiliary assets
Section 1008 Preference to mobiliary privilege of credits of the State Exchequer
Section 1009 Concurrence amongst special mobiliary privileges
Section 1010 Priority amongst special privileges under the same number
Section 1011 First preference in privileged credits
Section 1012 Preference over immobile assets
Section 1013 Concurrence amongst immobile privileges
Section 1014 Priority amongst credits mentioned in Art. 887(2)
Section 1015 When there is concurrence amongst mortgages
Section 1016 Insufficiency of the product of mortgage
Section 1017 Ranking amongst mortgages
Section 1018 Value of unregistered mortgages
Section 1019 Grading of past mortgages
Section 1020 Grading amongst past mortgages registered beyond time
Section 1021 Privileges which subsist after alienation of property
Section 1022 Real encumbrances which subsist after alienation of property
Section 1023 Real encumbrances registered after mortgage or transfer
Section 1024 Right to sue in respect of encumbrances over acquired properties
Section 1025 Ranking of credits recorded in documents liable to be registered
Section 1026 Extinguishment of privileges
Section 1027 Extinguishment of mortgages
Section 1028 Endorsements to extinguishment of mortgages
Section 1029 Revival of mortgages
Section 1030 Rescission of acts practiced to the prejudice of third parties
Section 1031 Simulation
Section 1032 Effect of annulment of simulated act
Section 1033 Requisites of suit for revocation of debtors injurious act
Section 1034 Rescission of onerous acts
Section 1035 Rescission of gratuitous acts
Section 1036 Insolvency and bad faith
Section 1037 Rights upon re-transfer
Section 1038 Rescission on renouncement
Section 1039 Rescission of payment in advance
Section 1040 Cession of the suit for rescission
Section 1041 Right of third party transferee to end suit for rescission
Section 1042 Preference unduly obtained by one creditor
Section 1043 Proof of insolvency of debtor
Section 1044 Cessation of suit for revocation
Section 1045 Limitation of suit for revocation
Section 1046 Eviction
Section 1047 Liability of the alienor
Section 1048 Liability of alienor in bad faith
Section 1049 Partial eviction
Section 1050 Eviction from amongst various transferred things
Section 1051 Cases in which the transferor is not responsible for the eviction
Section 1052 Cases in which the liability of the transferor subsists
Section 1053 Resistance by the purchaser at his sole responsibility
Section 1054 Refusal of right of eviction to the transferor himself
Section 1055 Predominance, within limits, of contractual rights in the matter of eviction
Section 1056 Concept of marriage as a civil contract and its purpose
Section 1057 Secular nature of marriage
Section 1058 Impediments to marriage
Section 1059 Violation of impediments
Section 1060 Lack of permission for marriage of legally incapable
Section 1061 Grant of permission for marriage of minor
Section 1062 No appeal against grant or refusal of permission
Section 1063 Impediment relating to guardianship
Section 1064 Sanctions against default for other impediments
Section 1065 Marriage of Portuguese in foreign country
Section 1066 Marriage abroad when one of the spouses is Portuguese
Section 1067 Agreement to marry
Section 1068 Marriage through Power of Attorney
Section 1069 Validity of Catholic marriage
Section 1070 Regulation of Catholic marriage
Section 1071 Responsibility of the celebrating priest
Section 1072 Efficacy of civil marriage
Section 1073 Impediments to civil marriage
Section 1074 Relevance of impediments to marriage
Section 1075 Declaration to be presented to the Civil Registrar
Section 1076 Public notices
Section 1077 Steps after public notices
Section 1078 Adjudication as to impediments recorded
Section 1079 Declaration of the impediments
Section 1080 False declaration of impediment
Section 1081 Solemn celebration of marriage
Section 1082 Illegal celebration - Responsibility of the employee
Section 1083 Proof of marriage
Section 1084 Value of possession of the married status
Section 1085 Proof of marriage celebrated abroad
Section 1086 Annulment of Catholic marriage
Section 1087 Limits of jurisdiction of Ecclesiastical Courts
Section 1088 Execution of Decrees
Section 1089 Annulment of Civil Marriage
Section 1090 Irrelevance of the religion of the newly married
Section 1091 Putative marriage
Section 1092 Good faith of only one of the spouses
Section 1093 Fate of the children
Section 1094 Parental power in relation to daughters
Section 1095 Effect of Annulment on the assets of the spouses
Section 1096 Ante-nuptial conventions principle of freedom
Section 1097 External form of convention
Section 1098 Presumed regime of assets
Section 1099 Contract of communion of assets between spouses
Section 1100 Contract of communion of acquired assets
Section 1101 Contract of separation of assets
Section 1102 Contract of dowry regime
Section 1103 Void terms of Contract
Section 1104 Reservation of maintenance
Section 1105 Prohibition of change of Matrimonial regime
Section 1106 Contract made between Portuguese abroad
Section 1107 Presumed regime of assets for marriage celebrated abroad
Section 1108 Concept of communion of Matrimonial estate
Section 1109 Own Assets
Section 1110 Debts prior to marriage
Section 1111 Meaning of debts prior to marriage
Section 1112 Assets chargeable for debts prior to marriage
Section 1113 Debts subsequent to marriage which may be included in the communion of the marital estate
Section 1114 Debts contracted by husband without intervention of the wife
Section 1115 Other subsequent debts which are not communicable
Section 1116 Capacity of wife to contract debts
Section 1117 Ownership, possession and administration of the assets of the matrimonial estate
Section 1118 Alienation of mobiliary assets of the matrimonial estate
Section 1119 Alienation of the immobile assets of the matrimonial estate
Section 1120 Capacity of the husband to accept or renounce inheritances
Section 1121 End of the communion of Matrimonial estate
Section 1122 Administration of the estate in case of the demise of one of the spouses
Section 1123 Partition of the assets of the estate
Section 1124 Payment of the credits of each of the spouses
Section 1125 Marriage with simple separation of assets
Section 1126 Provision applicable to simple separation
Section 1127 Complete separation
Section 1128 Separate assets of the wife
Section 1129 Regulation of the debts of the spouses
Section 1130 System of communion of acquired assets
Section 1131 Inventory of individual assets
Section 1132 End of the communion of acquired assets
Section 1133 Debts prior to marriage
Section 1134 Dowry system
Section 1135 Who can endow
Section 1136 Content of dowry
Section 1137 Specification of dowry assets
Section 1138 Statement of value of movables in the dowry
Section 1139 Security for the dowry
Section 1140 Conversion into money
Section 1141 Un-changeability of dowry
Section 1142 Liability of the parents or the grandparents of the wife for the dowry
Section 1143 Liability of other endowers for recovery of the dowry
Section 1144 Effective date of dowry
Section 1145 Presumption of delivery of dowry
Section 1146 Liability of parents giving dowry
Section 1147 Dowry on account of legitime
Section 1148 Powers of husband over endowed mobiliary assets
Section 1149 Inalienability of endowed immobile assets
Section 1150 Illegal alienation of endowed immobile assets
Section 1151 Liability of husband for illegal alienation or illegal charge
Section 1152 Absence of prescription in respect of endowed immobile assets
Section 1153 Paraphernal assets
Section 1154 System of paraphernal assets
Section 1155 Regime of husband’s own assets
Section 1156 End of dowry system
Section 1157 Loss of dowry for causes not attributable to the husband or his heirs
Section 1158 Bar on restitutions of endowed mobiliary assets
Section 1159 Interest on delayed dues
Section 1160 Restitution of certain endowed immobile assets
Section 1161 Liability of husband for active debts
Section 1162 Income due from assets of the dowry
Section 1163 Improvement made by husband or his heirs
Section 1164 Ordinary expenses of dowry assets
Section 1165 Restitution of paraphernal assets
Section 1166 Gifts amongst spouses
Section 1167 Limits of gifts or disposition
Section 1168 Lapse of gifts amongst spouses
Section 1169 Special regime for ante-nuptial gifts
Section 1170 Gift of existing and specific assets
Section 1171 Gift of part or full inheritance
Section 1172 Prior demise of the donee
Section 1173 Legal capacity of betrothed minors
Section 1174 Applicability of general rules relating to gifts
Section 1175 Gifts to spouses from third parties
Section 1176 Acceptance by the donee
Section 1177 Prior demise of donee
Section 1178 Gifts amongst spouses
Section 1179 Regulation of gift amongst spouses
Section 1180 Prohibition of joint gifts
Section 1181 Revocation of gifts amongst spouses
Section 1182 Supervenience of children. Inofficiousness
Section 1183 Nature acquired by gifted assets
Section 1184 Ordinary duties of spouses
Section 1185 Duties proper to each of the spouses
Section 1186 Absence of husband abroad
Section 1187 Publication of her writings by married woman
Section 1188 Right to enjoy the privileges of the husband
Section 1189 Administration of the assets of the marital estate
Section 1190 Powers of the woman administratrix
Section 1191 Powers of the husband over immobile assets
Section 1192 Judicial capacity of wife
Section 1193 Incapacity of married woman in property matters
Section 1194 Form of marital authorisation
Section 1195 Mode of prescribing authorisation
Section 1196 Authorisation by authentic or authenticated document
Section 1197 Revocation of authorisation
Section 1198 Effects of authorisation
Section 1199 Effects of judicial authorisation
Section 1200 Who can claim nullity of acts practiced by wife
Section 1201 Ratification of nullity
Section 1202 Sanction against marriages not transcribed in Portugal
Section 1203 Mode of interruption against conjugal society
Section 1204 Grounds of separation of persons and assets
Section 1205 Who can apply for separation
Section 1206 Summoning and constitution of family council
Section 1207 Powers of the family council
Section 1208 Binding force of decisions of family council
Section 1209 Punishability of adultery by spouses
Section 1210 Effect of separation of persons
Section 1211 Effects of separation of assets
Section 1212 Paternal power after separation of spouses
Section 1213 Sanctions against guilty spouses
Section 1214 Saving of rights of creditors of the marital estate
Section 1215 Effect of separation as to movables
Section 1216 Effect of separation as to immobile assets
Section 1217 Bar of exercise of rights depending on execution of marriage
Section 1218 Reconciliation of spouses
Section 1219 Judicial separation of assets
Section 1220 Effect of separation of regime of general community of assets
Section 1221 Separation in remaining regime
Section 1222 Effective date of separation in regime of separation of assets
Section 1223 Effects of separation
Section 1224 Nature of assets of the separation
Section 1225 Publicity of separation
Section 1226 Duty to contribute to the expenses of the matrimonial estate
Section 1227 Judicial character of separation
Section 1228 Right of objection to creditors of the spouses
Section 1229 Reconciliation of the spouses
Section 1230 Right of the wife to object to third person
Section 1231 Subsistence of widowed spouse
Section 1232 Duration and fixation of maintenance
Section 1233 Re-marriage
Section 1234 Marriage in violation of art. 1233
Section 1235 Incommunicability of certain assets of the re-married person
Section 1236 Succession of children of previous marriage
Section 1237 Incapacity of re-married woman of more than 50 years
Section 1238 Presumption of marital regime in second marriage
Section 1239 Provisions applicable to second marriage
Section 1240 Society
Section 1241 External form of society contract
Section 1242 Nullity of leonine society
Section 1243 Universal society
Section 1244 External form of universal society
Section 1245 Nature of assets acquired by shareholders
Section 1246 Liability of strictly Universal society for debts of the members
Section 1247 Liability of society of acquired assets for the debts of the shareholders
Section 1248 Dissolution of Universal society
Section 1249 Society in specified assets
Section 1250 External form
Section 1251 Liability of shareholders towards society
Section 1252 Eviction of assets brought in by a shareholder
Section 1253 Delay in paying amount due by a shareholder
Section 1254 Diversion of common funds for own benefit
Section 1255 Answerability for profits of the society
Section 1256 Payment made to a shareholder and to society without indication
Section 1257 Payment to individual shareholder to be rateably distributed among shareholders
Section 1258 Liability for damages
Section 1259 Risk of damage to non perishable things
Section 1260 Liability for damage to perishable things
Section 1261 Liability of the society to individual shareholder
Section 1262 Share of profits and losses
Section 1263 Shareholders without defined share
Section 1264 Rights of shareholders who comes in with capital and labour
Section 1265 Partition deferred to a third party
Section 1266 Powers of the administration
Section 1267 Revocation of the powers conferred after constitution of the society
Section 1268 Where several shareholders are administrators
Section 1269 Stipulation of joint action by administrators
Section 1270 Supplementary rules of administration
Section 1271 Shareholder’s freedom of association
Section 1272 Liability of shareholders for debts of the society
Section 1273 Rights of creditors of a shareholder
Section 1274 Competing claims of creditors of society and of individual shareholder
Section 1275 Commencement of society
Section 1276 Determination of society
Section 1277 Survival of society in respect of some of the shareholders
Section 1278 Dissolution of society due to retirement of some of the shareholders
Section 1279 Retirement of shareholder in society for fixed duration
Section 1280 Rules applicable to partition of society assets
Section 1281 Family Society
Section 1282 Mode of formation of family society
Section 1283 Prevalence of contractual terms
Section 1284 Purpose of family society
Section 1285 Duties of family society
Section 1286 Nature of movables acquired by shareholders
Section 1287 Immovables acquired by shareholders
Section 1288 Risk of deterioration of assets of shareholders
Section 1289 Mode of division of society assets
Section 1290 Partition of undivided immovables
Section 1291 Partition of fruits and produce of immovables
Section 1292 Non- shareholder covered in partition
Section 1293 Other non-shareholders covered in partition
Section 1294 Benefit to the owner of cattle used in the cultivation of immovables
Section 1295 Partition of acquired assets
Section 1296 Profits in cultivation of immovables of others
Section 1297 Simultaneous cultivation of own assets with those of another
Section 1298 Types of rural partnership
Section 1299 Agricultural partnership
Section 1300 Death of a partner
Section 1301 Precautionary measures to the benefit of the owner partner
Section 1302 Duty to cultivate property
Section 1303 Rules applicable to agricultural partnership
Section 1304 Partnership in breeding livestock
Section 1305 Regulation of partnership
Section 1306 Duties of the partner who treats the animals
Section 1307 Duties of partner who owns
Section 1308 Risk in case of death of animal
Section 1309 Advantage taken from animals who die
Section 1310 Void stipulation regarding certain losses
Section 1311 Disposal of cattle heads
Section 1312 Shearing of cattle with wool
Section 1313 Duration of partnership
Section 1314 Termination of contract
Section 1315 Rights of creditors of the owner
Section 1316 Rights of the creditors of the partner who treats the animals
Section 1317 Right of follow up of the owner
Section 1318 Meaning of Mandate or Attorneyship
Section 1319 Meaning and kinds of power of attorney
Section 1320 Registered Power of Attorney
Section 1321 Unregistered Power of Attorney
Section 1322 Meaning of power of attorney deemed to be registered
Section 1323 Types of Power of Attorney
Section 1324 Meaning of general and special Power of Attorney
Section 1325 Scope of general Power of Attorney
Section 1326 Proof of mandate
Section 1327 Acts which require registered Power of Attorney
Section 1328 Acts for which unregistered Power of Attorney is sufficient
Section 1329 Acts for which verbal mandate is sufficient
Section 1330 Mandate given to absentees
Section 1331 Presumption of gratuitous nature of mandate
Section 1332 Powers under mandate
Section 1333 Lawfulness of powers
Section 1334 Capacity to accept Power of Attorney
Section 1335 Terms and time limit for the fulfillment of mandate
Section 1336 Duties and responsibilities of attorney
Section 1337 Exclusion of setting-off of profits with losses
Section 1338 Liability for exceeding powers
Section 1339 Rendering of accounts
Section 1340 Money diverted by attorney
Section 1341 Responsibility of joint holders
Section 1342 Sub delegation of Power of Attorney
Section 1343 Position of substituted attorney
Section 1344 Duty to indemnify the attorney
Section 1345 Liabilities on the principal
Section 1346 Terms on which the principal is bound
Section 1347 Remuneration of attorney
Section 1348 Plurality of principals
Section 1349 Right of the attorney to retain
Section 1350 Position of principal and attorney in relation to third parties
Section 1351 Exceeding of powers granted by the Power of Attorney
Section 1352 Position of third party in respect of the attorney who exceeds his powers
Section 1353 Acts presumed as unauthorized
Section 1354 Capacity to exercise judicial mandate
Section 1355 External form of judicial mandate
Section 1356 Plurality of judicial mandatories
Section 1357 Refusal of mandate
Section 1358 Bar on sharing results of litigation
Section 1359 Remuneration of attorneys and advocates
Section 1360 Effect of acceptance of mandates
Section 1361 Violation of professional secrecy
Section 1362 Duty to delegate
Section 1363 Causes of determination of mandate
Section 1364 Revocation of mandate
Section 1365 Tacit revocation
Section 1366 Death of the Principal
Section 1367 Death of the attorney
Section 1368 Relinquishment by attorney
Section 1369 Effects of extinguishment of mandate
Section 1370 Meaning of domestic service
Section 1371 Nullity of perpetual contract
Section 1372 Prevalence of contractual stipulation
Section 1373 Duration of contract
Section 1374 Wages of the employee
Section 1375 Purpose of contract
Section 1376 Contract for specified time
Section 1377 Abandonment of service for just cause
Section 1378 Dismissal for just cause
Section 1379 Abandonment of service without just cause
Section 1380 Effects of the contract in relation to the employer
Section 1381 Lawful reasons for dismissal
Section 1382 Unlawful dismissal
Section 1383 Duties of employee
Section 1384 Duties of the employer
Section 1385 Extinguishment of the contract by death of the parties
Section 1386 Legacy left to the employees
Section 1387 Suit for wages
Section 1388 Payment for damages caused by the employee
Section 1389 Service contract with minors
Section 1390 Minor employee without a representative
Section 1391 Meaning of salaried service
Section 1392 Duties of salaried employee
Section 1393 Wages of salaried employee
Section 1394 Abandonment or dismissal of the employee
Section 1395 Interruption of service due to unforeseen reasons
Section 1396 Meaning of works contract
Section 1397 Risk of work before delivery
Section 1398 Risk in case of labour contract
Section 1399 Guarantee in the construction of buildings
Section 1400 Time limit for conclusion of work
Section 1401 Bar on unwritten escalation clause
Section 1402 Abandonment of work commenced
Section 1403 Death or inability of the contractor
Section 1404 Death of the owner
Section 1405 Right of suppliers or salaried workers of the contractor
Section 1406 When the price should be paid
Section 1407 Right of contractor to retain
Section 1408 Lack of skill by the contractor
Section 1409 Honorarium to those who exercise liberal professions
Section 1410 Meaning of contract of carriage by land, boat or animals
Section 1411 Rules regulating the contract
Section 1412 Liability of transporters
Section 1413 Price due to the transporters
Section 1414 Right of retention of transporters
Section 1415 Duties of transporter
Section 1416 Duties of transporter by horse-hirer
Section 1417 Risk for the death or injury of animals
Section 1418 Fraudulent concealment of the defects in hired animals
Section 1419 Meaning of contract lodging and boarding
Section 1420 Liability of lodge keeper
Section 1421 Damages caused by employees or third persons
Section 1422 Damages not attributable to the lodge keeper
Section 1423 Compensation to the lodge keeper in case of dispute
Section 1424 Contract of Apprenticeship
Section 1425 Grounds for determination of contract
Section 1426 Causes for rescission of contract
Section 1427 Maximum work hours
Section 1428 Duration of contract
Section 1429 Abandonment by apprenticeship
Section 1430 Extinguishment of contract
Section 1431 Contract of deposit
Section 1432 Gratuitous nature of contract
Section 1433 Capacity to be depositor or receiver
Section 1434 External form
Section 1435 Duties of Depositary
Section 1436 Responsibility of depositary
Section 1437 Bar on use of deposited thing
Section 1438 Closed and sealed deposit
Section 1439 Opening of closed deposit
Section 1440 Presumption of guilt in the case of opening of closed deposit
Section 1441 To whom the deposit should be returned
Section 1442 Deposit of thing unlawfully taken
Section 1443 Plurality of depositors of indivisible thing
Section 1444 Deposit of indivisible thing
Section 1445 Return of deposit made in the name of legally disabled person
Section 1446 Return of deposit in the case of the depositor getting married or becoming disabled
Section 1447 Place of restitution
Section 1448 Mode of return of deposit
Section 1449 Anticipated return of deposit
Section 1450 Duties of the depositor
Section 1451 Interference or dispossession of deposit
Section 1452 Contract of gift
Section 1453 Nullity of gift of future assets
Section 1454 Types of gifts
Section 1455 Onerous gifts
Section 1456 Irrevocable Gifts
Section 1457 Gifts ‘Mortis Causa’
Section 1458 External form
Section 1459 External form of gifts of immobile assets
Section 1460 Universal donee
Section 1461 Gift of all movables and immovables
Section 1462 Presumed reservation in gifts by married persons
Section 1463 Presumed reservation in gifts of disposable quota
Section 1464 Disposal of Legal reserve
Section 1465 Time limit for acceptance
Section 1466 Acceptance subsequent to the gift
Section 1467 Right of accretion amongst several donees
Section 1468 Eviction of gifted thing
Section 1469 Gift with the liability to pay donor’s debts
Section 1470 Payment of donor’s debts in other cases
Section 1471 Gifts by husband without consent of wife
Section 1472 Abolition of formal confirmation of gift
Section 1473 Reversionary clause
Section 1474 Void reversionary clause
Section 1475 Lapse of liabilities
Section 1476 Persons who may make or receive gifts
Section 1477 Capacity to receive gifts
Section 1478 Effectiveness of pure gifts apart from acceptance by the legally incapacitated persons
Section 1479 Capacity of the unborn
Section 1480 Gift made by married man to his mistress
Section 1481 Simulated gifts in favour of incompetent persons
Section 1482 Revocation and reduction of gifts
Section 1483 Non-revocation of gifts by reason of subsequent birth of children
Section 1484 Effects of revocation
Section 1485 Income of gifted assets
Section 1486 Prohibition of relinquishment of right of revocation
Section 1487 Who may file a suit for revocation of gift
Section 1488 Revocation for ingratitude of the donee -
Section 1489 Provisions in respect of revocation for ingratitude
Section 1490 Prohibition on relinquishment and limitation in revocation for ingratitude
Section 1491 Proper parties in a suit for revocation
Section 1492 Revocation or reduction for inofficiousness
Section 1493 Order of reduction
Section 1494 Partial reduction of legacies
Section 1495 Order of reduction as to gifts
Section 1496 Gifts of the same date
Section 1497 Valuation of gift of mobiliary assets
Section 1498 Reduction of gifts on immobile assets
Section 1499 Indivisible immoveables
Section 1500 Indivisible immoveables gifted to one co-heir
Section 1501 Effects and cases of non-application of reduction
Section 1502 Liability of the donee in respect of gifted properties
Section 1503 Limitation in respect of suit for reduction
Section 1504 Liability of transferee of gifted moveables
Section 1505 To whom the fruits of the gifted things belong
Section 1506 Contract of loan
Section 1507 Types of loan
Section 1508 Loan as Hire and Loan for interest
Section 1509 Devolution of loan
Section 1510 Duty of borrower
Section 1511 Duration of loan
Section 1512 Duration of contract where use of object is not specified
Section 1513 Anticipated demand of the thing
Section 1514 Preservation of thing lent
Section 1515 Trespass or dispossession of thing lent
Section 1516 Perishing of the thing lent
Section 1517 Loss due to unforeseen event or force majeure
Section 1518 Effect of delay in the return of thing
Section 1519 Expenses with the preservation of the thing
Section 1520 Co-borrowers
Section 1521 Duties of lender
Section 1522 Limitation for certain suits arising from loan
Section 1523 Formation of contract
Section 1524 Duty of borrower (mutuary)
Section 1525 Contract between parties as regards time to return shall prevail
Section 1526 Time limit for return of cereals
Section 1527 Time limit for money loan
Section 1528 Time limit for any other loan
Section 1529 Place of return
Section 1530 Impossibility of return in kind
Section 1531 Loan in coin
Section 1532 Liability of lender
Section 1533 Consequences of delay
Section 1534 Proof contract of mutuum
Section 1535 Natural liability for loan to minor
Section 1536 Where the loan is fully valid
Section 1537 Definition of aleatory contract
Section 1538 Definition of contract of insurance
Section 1539 Contracts of game or betting
Section 1540 Contract of risk or insurance
Section 1541 Prohibition of gaming contract as a mode of income
Section 1542 Debts from gaming
Section 1543 Betting contract
Section 1544 Purchase and sale
Section 1545 Distinction between purchase and exchange
Section 1546 Uncertain price
Section 1547 Specification dependent on choice
Section 1548 Contract of promise of purchase and sale
Section 1549 Transfer of property in thing sold
Section 1550 Risk of thing sold
Section 1551 Sales after satisfaction
Section 1552 Expenses of sale and registration
Section 1553 Thing purchased and sold
Section 1554 Alienations depending on certain formalities
Section 1555 Sale of property of another
Section 1556 Prohibition of succession by contract
Section 1557 Sale of things or rights under litigation
Section 1558 Sale of non-existent thing
Section 1559 Capacity to sell
Section 1560 Capacity to buy
Section 1561 Legal incapacity of legal persons
Section 1562 Alienation of assets under administration or charge of third party
Section 1563 Alienation of litigious things
Section 1564 Sale between married persons
Section 1565 Sale to children or grand children
Section 1566 Right of preference of co-owners
Section 1567 Alienation by violation of preceding articles
Section 1568 Duties of vendors
Section 1569 Delivery of movables
Section 1570 Expenses of delivery
Section 1571 Delivery of immovables
Section 1572 Delay by the vendor
Section 1573 Delay by the purchaser
Section 1574 Unpaid seller need not deliver
Section 1575 Condition in which the thing is to be delivered
Section 1576 Sale by numbers, weight or measure
Section 1577 Effect of rescission of contract
Section 1578 Successive sale of same moveable to various person
Section 1579 Responsibility of vendor
Section 1580 Successive sale of same immoveable to various person
Section 1581 Guarantee and warranty against eviction
Section 1582 Defects fatal to contracts
Section 1583 Duties of purchaser
Section 1584 Interference in the right or possession of the purchaser
Section 1585 Irrevocability of sale after delivery of thing
Section 1586 Reversible sale
Section 1587 Prohibition of reversible sale
Section 1588 Reversible sale prior to the code
Section 1589 External form of purchase of mobiliary assets
Section 1590 External form of purchase of immobile assets
Section 1591 Effectiveness of purchase and sale in relation to third parties
Section 1592 Exchange
Section 1593 Eviction from one of the things exchanged
Section 1594 Provisions applicable to contract of exchange
Section 1595 Contract of letting
Section 1596 Kinds of letting
Section 1597 Legal capacity to let
Section 1598 Letting of undivided thing
Section 1599 Legal capacity to accept letting
Section 1600 Duration of letting contract
Section 1601 Letting of assets from dowry, usufruct or in fideicommissum
Section 1602 Letting of assets of minor and interdicted person
Section 1603 Compensation for letting
Section 1604 Letting of State assets
Section 1605 Sub-letting
Section 1606 Duties of landlord
Section 1607 Grounds for eviction
Section 1608 Duties of tenants
Section 1609 Encumbrances on the property
Section 1610 Delay by the landlord
Section 1611 Repairs
Section 1612 Deprivation of enjoyment of property on account of unforeseen event
Section 1613 Eviction from the property let
Section 1614 Right of retention for improvements
Section 1615 Improvements made on land
Section 1616 Unlawful retention of leased property
Section 1617 Rent in kind
Section 1618 Presumed renewal of contract
Section 1619 Death of contracting parties or transfer of the property
Section 1620 Acquisition of property for public purpose
Section 1621 Transfer of property on account of execution
Section 1622 Tenancy subject to registration
Section 1623 Duration of lease of buildings
Section 1624 Presumed renewal of contract
Section 1625 Fixation of notices
Section 1626 Notice of termination of lease
Section 1627 Cultivation of land under lease
Section 1628 Duration of lease of land
Section 1629 Notice for cessation of lease of land
Section 1630 Bar on unilateral change in rent
Section 1631 Scope of application of provisions relating to lease of land
Section 1632 Form of procedure for eviction
Section 1633 Object of hire
Section 1634 Provisions applicable to the contract of hire
Section 1635 Cessation of installments or of rents
Section 1636 Definition of contract of usury
Section 1637 Consumable which is not money
Section 1638 Certain and specific currency
Section 1639 Contract between parties to prevail
Section 1640 Legal interest
Section 1641 Rescission of contract of usury
Section 1642 Bar on compounding of interest
Section 1643 Proof of the contract
Section 1644 Definition of ‘censo consignativo’
Section 1645 Duration of the contract
Section 1646 External form of the contract
Section 1647 Compensation, transfer and division of rent contracts
Section 1648 Remission of rent
Section 1649 Non payment of interest
Section 1650 Remission of past contracts
Section 1651 Price of redemption
Section 1652 Non payment of interest
Section 1653 Meaning of Emphyteusis
Section 1654 Perpetuity of the emphyteusis – Remission of fee
Section 1655 External form of the contract
Section 1656 Quality and quantity of emphyteutic fee (“foro”)
Section 1657 Abolition of additional encumbrances
Section 1658 Fee to be compulsorily in money
Section 1659 Description of the Emphyteusis
Section 1660 Time and place of payment of “foro”
Section 1661 Supplementary rules as to time and place of payment of foro
Section 1662 Indivisibility of Emphyteusis
Section 1663 Right of Succession to the emphyteutic property
Section 1664 Assets which may be given on emphyteusis
Section 1665 Emphyteusis of assets of minor
Section 1666 Emphyteusis of dotal assets
Section 1667 Capacity of absolute owner
Section 1668 Emphyteusis of assets of spouses
Section 1669 Capacity to take on Emphyteusis
Section 1670 Requirement of registration
Section 1671 Failure to pay fee
Section 1672 Right of recovery of the property
Section 1673 Rights of the holder
Section 1674 Violation of the rights of the holder
Section 1675 Encumbrances and taxes over the emphyteusis
Section 1676 Right to mortgage and encumber the emphyteutic property
Section 1677 Right to gift or exchange the emphyteutic property
Section 1678 Right of preference in the alienation of the property
Section 1679 Denial of right of preference to legal person
Section 1680 Indivisibility of preference
Section 1681 Consequences of non notification of preference
Section 1682 Attachment of emphyteutic property
Section 1683 Failure of auction
Section 1684 Installment in arrears
Section 1685 Suit for recovery of emphyteutic fees
Section 1686 Prescription in relation to emphyteutic leases
Section 1687 Total destruction of the property
Section 1688 Right of Reduction
Section 1689 Emphyteusis of the past
Section 1690 Proof of emphyteusis of the past
Section 1691 Choice of species in which pension is to be paid
Section 1692 Scaling down of uncertain pension
Section 1693 Laudemium
Section 1694 Provisions applicable to post emphyteuses
Section 1695 Fees in arrears
Section 1696 Grants for life before the enactment of the Code
Section 1697 Grants for life time
Section 1698 Grants to appointee with reservation of usufruct
Section 1699 Revocable grants
Section 1700 Regulation of grant in article 1698
Section 1701 Abolition of sub emphyteusis
Section 1702 Regulation of past sub-emphyteuses
Section 1703 Right of preference in sub-emphyteuses
Section 1704 Notice of pre-emption
Section 1705 Laudemium in sub-emphyteusis
Section 1706 Census with reservation
Section 1707 Abolition of census with reservation
Section 1708 Rights of preference in past assignments
Section 1709 Doubts whether contract is of assignment or emphyteuses
Section 1710 Compromise
Section 1711 Types of compromise
Section 1712 External form of compromise out of court
Section 1713 External form of compromise in court
Section 1714 Judgement on compromise in court
Section 1715 Extension of the effects of compromise
Section 1716 Compromise made by only one of the interested parties
Section 1717 Exception in State cases
Section 1718 Effects of compromise
Section 1719 Cancellation of compromise
Section 1720 Discovery of new documents.
Section 1721 Compromise of general nature over diverse objects
Section 1722 Registration of transfer of immobile assets and rights
Section 1723 Management of business
Section 1724 Taking advantage of the benefits of the management
Section 1725 Non-ratification of management
Section 1726 Effects of ratification of the management
Section 1727 Disapproval of the management
Section 1728 Impossibility to return things in their original form
Section 1729 Non ratified management, the benefits of which do not exceed the losses
Section 1730 Acquiescence by the owner of business
Section 1731 Management against the will of the owner
Section 1732 Accounts of the management
Section 1733 Duty to conclude the management started
Section 1734 Management of business connected with that of the manager
Section 1735 Succession: testamentary and intestate
Section 1736 Concept of heir and of legatee
Section 1737 Content of inheritance
Section 1738 Simultaneous Death
Section 1739 Concept of Will
Section 1740 Personal nature of Will
Section 1741 Will as per instructions
Section 1742 Disposition in favour of relatives of the testator
Section 1743 Impossible conditions
Section 1744 Performance of condition obstructed by third party
Section 1745 False cause
Section 1746 Cause contrary to the law
Section 1747 Institution subject to term
Section 1748 Violence, deception and fraud
Section 1749 Disqualification of heir or legatee
Section 1750 Knowledge of coercion against one who intends to make a Will
Section 1751 Insufficient expression of the Will of the testator
Section 1752 Effects of the nullities declared by law
Section 1753 Prohibition of joint Wills
Section 1754 Revocability of the Will
Section 1755 Express and implied revocation
Section 1756 Tacit revocation
Section 1757 Subsistence of the effect of revocation of a Will which lapsed
Section 1758 Revival of the Will which is revoked
Section 1759 Lapsing of testamentary provisions
Section 1760 Lapsing of the institution of heir by supervenience of the children to the testator
Section 1761 Interpretation of Will
Section 1762 External form of the Wills prior to the Code
Section 1763 Legal capacity to make a Will
Section 1764 Incapacity to make the Will
Section 1765 Relevant time for determination of the capacity of the testator
Section 1766 Prohibition of disposition of the assets of spouses
Section 1767 Relative incapacity of a minor under guardianship
Section 1768 Incapacity of a minor in relation to his teachers
Section 1769 Relative incapacity of a patient
Section 1770 Exceptions to previous incapacities
Section 1771 Relative incapacity of the adulterous spouse
Section 1772 Incapacity in relation to the notary or to the witnesses to the instrument
Section 1773 Extent of relative incapacities
Section 1774 Prohibition of disposition of legitime
Section 1775 Limitation against disposition for suffrages
Section 1776 Passive testamentary capacity
Section 1777 Capacity of unborn children
Section 1778 Relevant time for determination of passive testamentary capacity
Section 1779 Testamentary incapacities
Section 1780 Consequence of the refusal to act or removal of the guardian or of the executor
Section 1781 Capacity of legal persons
Section 1782 Causes of unworthiness of the heir or of legatee
Section 1783 Dispositions through intermediary
Section 1784 Indisposable portion
Section 1785 Claim of legitimate and illegitimate descendants to the indisposable portion
Section 1786 Legitime portion of parents
Section 1787 Legitime of remaining ascendants
Section 1788 Option in case of disposition over the disposable portion
Section 1789 Reduction of inofficious gifts and dispositions
Section 1790 Calculation of disposable portion
Section 1791 Institution of heir
Section 1792 Liability of heir
Section 1793 Liability of legatee
Section 1794 Apportionment of the charges of the inheritance solely distributed by way of legacies
Section 1795 Insufficient estate to cover all the legacies
Section 1796 Characterization of legacy
Section 1797 Collective appointment along with individual institution
Section 1798 Institution by the testator of his brothers and sisters in general
Section 1799 Institution of certain person and his children
Section 1800 Expenditure of administration of inheritance absorbed by legacies
Section 1801 Legacy of the thing belonging to another
Section 1802 Legacy of the thing subsequently acquired by the testator
Section 1803 Legacy of own property of the heir or legatee
Section 1804 Legacy of the thing which belongs only in part to the deceased or his successors
Section 1805 Legacy of the movable thing not specified
Section 1806 Legacy of a thing inexistent in the inheritance
Section 1807 Legacy of a thing only partly available in the inheritance
Section 1808 Condition to marry or not to marry
Section 1809 Condition to compel reciprocation
Section 1810 Deferred execution of the disposition
Section 1811 Legacy without effect
Section 1812 Legacy of the things in alternative
Section 1813 Indivisibility of the disposition
Section 1814 Lapsing of the institution in view of supervenience of descendants to the testator
Section 1815 Supervenient children predeceasing the testator
Section 1816 Legacy of the thing pledged
Section 1817 Legacy of the ascertained thing ascertainable at the place where it is found
Section 1818 Legacy for payment of debt
Section 1819 Legacy for the payment of the debt not matured
Section 1820 Legacy made to a creditor of the testator
Section 1821 Legacy of a credit
Section 1822 Institution under condition; administration of the estate
Section 1823 Case in which the administration belongs to the presumptive legal heir
Section 1824 Bequests to the unborn
Section 1825 Powers of administrator
Section 1826 Acquisition of pure and simple legacies
Section 1827 Choice of a legacy of generic nature
Section 1828 Choice left to the legatee
Section 1829 Who is to choose in case of alternative legatee
Section 1830 Transferability of the right of choice
Section 1831 Legacy of maintenance
Section 1832 Legacy of a house with whatever is contained therein
Section 1833 Legacy of usufruct, without determination of time
Section 1834 Legacy of usufruct to a perpetual corporation
Section 1835 Legacy when the legatee becomes major
Section 1836 Legacy for charitable purposes
Section 1837 Ambiguity over person of the legatee or the thing bequeathed
Section 1838 Petition and delivery of the legacy
Section 1839 Who is to carry out the execution of the Will
Section 1840 Fruits and income of the legacy
Section 1841 Legacy of periodical installment
Section 1842 Expenditure on the delivery of the legacy
Section 1843 Manner and place of delivery of the legacy
Section 1844 Extension of the legacy of certain property
Section 1845 Legacy of a thing charged with encumbrances
Section 1846 Legal mortgage for the benefit of the legatee
Section 1847 Responsibility of the heirs in the legacy of the property of one of them
Section 1848 Legacy or institution under condition not to do a thing
Section 1849 Conditional legacy or legacy under term
Section 1850 Responsibility of heir apparent
Section 1851 Reduction of the encumbrance attached to the legacy
Section 1852 Right of accretion, in view of lapsing of some institution
Section 1853 Right of accretion, due to lapse of legacy
Section 1854 Exclusion of right of accretion amongst co-legatees
Section 1855 Effects of accretion
Section 1856 Renunciation of right of accretion
Section 1857 Recoverability of legacy
Section 1858 Concept of common substitution
Section 1859 Pupillary substitution
Section 1860 Lapsing of pupillary substitution
Section 1861 Quasi-pupillary substitution
Section 1862 Lapsing of quasi-pupillary substitution
Section 1863 Assets which pupillary substitution or quasi-pupillary substitution may include
Section 1864 Rights and obligations of the substituted
Section 1865 Reciprocal substitution
Section 1866 Fideicommissary substitution
Section 1867 Restriction of fideicommissum
Section 1868 Lapsing of the substitution
Section 1869 Nullity of the substitution
Section 1870 Disposition which are not analogous to fideicommissum
Section 1871 Irregular fideicommissum
Section 1872 Encumbrances to the benefit of paupers or establishments of public utility
Section 1873 Conditional irregular fideicommissum
Section 1874 Applicability of the previous legal provisions
Section 1875 Disinheritance
Section 1876 Grounds of disinheritance
Section 1877 Effects of disinheritance
Section 1878 Grounds for disinheritance of parents
Section 1879 Grounds for disinheritance of other ascendants and descendants
Section 1880 How the disinheritance is declared
Section 1881 Contesting the cause of disinheritance
Section 1882 Disinheritance without express cause or irrelevant cause
Section 1883 Right of maintenance of disinherited
Section 1884 Limitation to challenge the disinheritance
Section 1885 Concept of executor
Section 1886 Who can be executor
Section 1887 Incapacity of the married woman
Section 1888 Incapacity of the minor not emancipated
Section 1889 Refusal by executor
Section 1890 Limitation and manner for refusal
Section 1891 Refusal subsequent to the acceptance
Section 1892 Remuneration of executor
Section 1893 Execution of Will, in the impediment or refusal of the executor
Section 1894 Powers of the executor
Section 1895 Possession of inheritance, there being forced heirs
Section 1896 Possession of inheritance there being no forced heirs
Section 1897 How the heirs can object to the takeover of the inheritance by executor
Section 1898 Manner of contributing to the expenditure under the charge of the executor
Section 1899 General duties of the executor
Section 1900 Obligation to enlist the assets of inheritance
Section 1901 Obligations of the executor, when there are heirs who are minor, disabled or absent
Section 1902 Reservation of the inheritance for charitable purpose or public utility
Section 1903 Normal time for execution of the Will
Section 1904 Joint executors
Section 1905 Accounts by the executors
Section 1906 Non-transferability of the executorship
Section 1907 Right of accretion amongst executors
Section 1908 Reimbursement of expenditure made by executor
Section 1909 Removal of the executor
Section 1910 Types of Wills
Section 1911 Public Will
Section 1912 Declaration of the Will of the testator
Section 1913 Identification, mental sanity and liberty of the testator
Section 1914 Deed, reading and date of disposition
Section 1915 Signature of the witnesses
Section 1916 Testator who does not know or cannot write
Section 1917 Testator who is deaf or illiterate
Section 1918 Continuity in the execution of the Will
Section 1919 Consequence of omission of some formality
Section 1920 Concept of closed Will
Section 1921 Presentation of closed Will
Section 1922 Record of approval
Section 1923 Incompetency to dispose by closed Will
Section 1924 Closed Will of deaf and dumb
Section 1925 Omission of some formality
Section 1926 Delivery of the Will
Section 1927 Custody of the Will
Section 1928 Custody of the Will in the Secretariat of the Civil Government
Section 1929 Deposit of the Will in the testamentary archives
Section 1930 Removal of the Will
Section 1931 Power of attorney for removal of the Will
Section 1932 Opening of the Will
Section 1933 Act of opening or publication
Section 1934 Book of the acts of opening
Section 1935 Registration of the Will
Section 1936 Opening of the Will deposited with Civil Government
Section 1937 Non presentation of Will
Section 1938 Fraudulent removal of the Will
Section 1939 Closed Will which is already open
Section 1940 Defective or torn Will
Section 1941 Presumption as to who did vitiation
Section 1942 Alterations with errata note and signature of the testator
Section 1943 Torn Will found in the effects of the testator
Section 1944 Military Will
Section 1945 Solemnities of military Will
Section 1946 Will made in the hand of the testator
Section 1947 Omission of some formality
Section 1948 Maritime Will
Section 1949 Execution of the Will
Section 1950 Will of the captain or clerk
Section 1951 Will made in the hand of the testator
Section 1952 Duplicate and custody of the Will
Section 1953 Deposit of the Will before Portuguese consular authorities
Section 1954 Delivery of the Will to the national maritime authority
Section 1955 Receipt of the delivery
Section 1956 Report of the delivery
Section 1957 Deposit of the Will
Section 1958 Lapsing of maritime Will
Section 1959 Death of the testator at sea
Section 1960 Omission of some formality
Section 1961 External Will
Section 1962 Will received by Portuguese consular authorities
Section 1963 Copy to be sent to the Ministry of External Affairs
Section 1964 Formalities to be observed in case of closed Will
Section 1965 Will made by a foreigner in a foreign country
Section 1966 Persons incompetent to be witnesses, certifiers or interpreters in a Will
Section 1967 Limitation for suit of annulment on account of defect of external formalities
Section 1968 When and to which extent there is statutory succession
Section 1969 Order of statutory succession
Section 1970 Proximity of degree of relationship
Section 1971 Succession per capita
Section 1972 Renunciation of inheritance
Section 1973 Degrees and lines of relationship
Section 1974 Direct and transversal line
Section 1975 Types of relationship in direct line
Section 1976 Counting of degrees in direct line
Section 1977 Counting of degrees in transversal line
Section 1978 Incapacity to acquire by legal succession
Section 1979 Extent of legal incapacity
Section 1980 Right of representation
Section 1981 Representation in direct line
Section 1982 Representation in transversal line
Section 1983 Right of the representatives
Section 1984 Joint representatives
Section 1985 Succession of legitimate descendants
Section 1986 Succession per capita
Section 1987 Succession ‘per stirpes’
Section 1988 Succession of legitimated children
Section 1989 Succession of illegitimate descendants
Section 1990 Exclusive existence of illegitimate children
Section 1991 Claim by legitimate and illegitimate children
Section 1992 Limitation on total share of illegitimate children recognized after marriage
Section 1993 Succession of legitimate parents
Section 1994 Succession of illegitimate parents
Section 1995 Usufruct given to surviving spouse
Section 1996 Succession of grandparents and other ascendants beyond them
Section 1997 Division per capita: ascendants in the same degree
Section 1998 Ascendants who are not of the same degree
Section 1999 Succession of illegitimate ascendants
Section 2000 Succession of brothers, sisters and their descendants
Section 2001 Claim by full brothers and sisters with consanguineous and uterine ones
Section 2002 Succession of illegitimate children
Section 2003 Succession of surviving spouse
Section 2004 Succession of legitimate transversals
Section 2005 Succession of illegitimate transversals
Section 2006 Succession of the State
Section 2007 Juridical position of the successor State
Section 2008 Possession of inheritance by the State
Section 2009 Opening of inheritance
Section 2010 Precautionary measures in respect of movable assets of the inheritance
Section 2011 Transmission of ownership and possession of inheritance
Section 2012 When there is place for inventory
Section 2013 When there is place for extra judicial partition
Section 2014 Juridical positions of the heirs
Section 2015 Indivisibility of the inheritance prior to partition
Section 2016 Right of petition of inheritance in totality
Section 2017 Prescription of right to petition for inheritance
Section 2018 Forms of acceptance of inheritance
Section 2019 Liabilities of the heir
Section 2020 Acceptance and renunciation of distinct inheritances
Section 2021 Liberty to accept or to renounce
Section 2022 Nullity of partial acceptance or partial renunciation on terms or under conditions
Section 2023 Capacity to accept or renounce
Section 2024 Acceptance or renunciation of one of spouses
Section 2025 Acceptance of inheritance left to person under disability
Section 2026 Acceptance of inheritance left to deaf and dumb
Section 2027 Forms of acceptance – Conduct of the heir
Section 2028 Acts which do not imply acceptance
Section 2029 The cession of inheritance which does not involve acceptance
Section 2030 Effects of judgment declaring as an heir
Section 2031 Disagreement between co-heirs about acceptance or renunciation
Section 2032 Transmission of right of acceptance
Section 2033 Indivisibility of renunciation
Section 2034 Formalities of renunciation
Section 2035 Effects of renunciation
Section 2036 Contesting the acceptance
Section 2037 Contesting the renunciation
Section 2038 Heir entitled simultaneously by Will and ab intestate
Section 2039 Necessity of express renunciation in respect of indisposable portion
Section 2040 Right of subrogation in respect of acceptance of inheritance
Section 2041 Imposition of time limit for acceptance or renunciation
Section 2042 Prohibition of agreement to renounce
Section 2043 Retrospectivity of acceptance and renunciation
Section 2044 Time limit for acceptance under benefit of inventory
Section 2045 Counting of time in case the heir is not in possession of inheritance
Section 2046 Heirs minor and under disability
Section 2047 Disagreement over the form of acceptance
Section 2048 Summons to the parties
Section 2049 Starting and end of inventory
Section 2050 Extension of time for inventory
Section 2051 Non-observance of prescribed time on account of fault of beneficiary
Section 2052 Precautionary measures
Section 2053 Withholding of assets by the heirs
Section 2054 Administration of inheritance
Section 2055 Sale of assets of inheritance
Section 2056 Payment of legacies and debts of inheritance
Section 2057 Rights of creditors in case of execution
Section 2058 Preference of creditors over legatees
Section 2059 Inheritance where debts exceed assets
Section 2060 Right of beneficiary over the remainder of inheritance
Section 2061 Right of creditors over legatees already paid
Section 2062 Continuation of inventory started by one who had first accepted it
Section 2063 Costs of inventory
Section 2064 Compulsory or orphanological inventory
Section 2065 Inventory amongst majors
Section 2066 Inventory having in view of the acceptance under benefit of inventory
Section 2067 Administrator (“Cabeca de Casal – C.C”)
Section 2068 Who is administrator (“Cabeca de Casal – C.C”)
Section 2069 Cases in which the office devolves on guardian of person under disability
Section 2070 Assets which were in possession of co-heirs
Section 2071 Obligation to take up the inventory
Section 2072 Declarations of the administrator
Section 2073 Description of assets of inheritance
Section 2074 Description of moveables
Section 2075 Description of immoveables
Section 2076 Description of consolidated funds
Section 2077 Description of active debts and passive debts
Section 2078 Description of assets to be allotted in preferential manner or belonging to a third party
Section 2079 Withholding of assets by administrator
Section 2080 Fraudulent description of credits, rights and charges
Section 2081 Fraudulent concealment of certain title deeds
Section 2082 Duration of administration of administrator
Section 2083 Powers of administrator
Section 2084 When administrator can be sued
Section 2085 Rights of the administrator
Section 2086 Expenditure incurred by the administrator on account of inheritance
Section 2087 Question which cannot be decided by inspection of certain documents
Section 2088 Removal of administrator
Section 2089 Appraisal in inventory amongst majors
Section 2090 Appraisal in inventory amongst minors only
Section 2091 Appraisal in inventory in which there are majors and minors
Section 2092 Appraisal of jewellery and precious metals
Section 2093 Appraisal of special objects
Section 2094 Appraisal of lands and buildings
Section 2095 Appraisal of right to possession and enjoyment (‘dominium utile’)
Section 2096 Appraisal of ownership of soil (‘dominium directum’)
Section 2097 Appraisal of improvements
Section 2098 Concept of collation
Section 2099 Exemption of collation
Section 2100 Obligation of collation on part of grandchildren
Section 2101 Presumed exemption of collation
Section 2102 Forced heirs exempted from collation
Section 2103 Gifts made to spouse of son or daughter
Section 2104 Expenditure subject to collation
Section 2105 Values not subject to collation
Section 2106 Fruits and profits to be collated
Section 2107 How collation is done
Section 2108 Collation of common assets gifted by both spouses
Section 2109 Manner of satisfying the co-heirs of the donee
Section 2110 Compensation to co-heirs of the donee
Section 2111 Gifts which exceed legitime of donee
Section 2112 Question as to obligation to collate
Section 2113 Improvement on the assets which devolve in preferential manner
Section 2114 Collation of assets which are to devolve in preferential manner acquired with consideration
Section 2115 Payment of debts of inheritance
Section 2116 Expenses of funeral
Section 2117 Approval of debts in inventory of majors
Section 2118 Approval of debts in inventory of minors
Section 2119 Manner of payment of debts
Section 2120 Manner of payment in inventory amongst minors
Section 2121 Redemption of certain encumbrances
Section 2122 Deduction of encumbrances in rem in the partition
Section 2123 Right of restitution to the person adversely affected with payment of charge
Section 2124 Probative value of the instruments against estate-leaver
Section 2125 Inheritance where debts exceed assets
Section 2126 Form of partition and declaration of licitation
Section 2127 Formalities of licitation and when to be held
Section 2128 Objection to the licitation. Second appraisal
Section 2129 Licitation over the things value of which exceeds share of person offering the bid in properties to be partitioned
Section 2130 Licitation in case of persons under disability
Section 2131 Licitation not to be withdrawn
Section 2132 Objection against excessive valuation
Section 2133 Agreement in respect of new price declared
Section 2134 Disagreement in respect of new price declared
Section 2135 Acceptance of the thing as per value of appraisal
Section 2136 Auction open to all parties
Section 2137 Deposit of price of auction
Section 2138 Steps subsequent to licitation
Section 2139 Satisfying shares of those who have not bid or who are not subject to collation
Section 2140 Sortition of remaining properties
Section 2141 Sortition there being heirs with unequal shares
Section 2142 Composition of lots
Section 2143 Easement arising from division of properties
Section 2144 Objection against composition of lots
Section 2145 What is to be done in case of indivisible things which have not been brought by licitation and which do not fit in the lots
Section 2146 Sale of thing in public auction
Section 2147 Absence of purchaser
Section 2148 Payment of life time annual pensions in inventory of minors
Section 2149 Payment of said pensions in inventory of majors
Section 2150 Pension capitalization of which exceeds disposable share
Section 2151 Separation of assets for payment of debts in the inventory of minors
Section 2152 Separation for same purpose in inventory of majors
Section 2153 Delivery of title deeds of the partitioned properties
Section 2154 Title deeds of partitioned properties
Section 2155 Title deeds of sharepartners with equal parts
Section 2156 Report of delivery of title deeds
Section 2157 Payment of costs of inventory
Section 2158 Effects of partition
Section 2159 Eviction from partitioned properties
Section 2160 Cases in which the evicted has no right to get compensation
Section 2161 Insolvency of some of the heirs of the evicted person
Section 2162 Prescription of suit for damages in respect of eviction
Section 2163 Rescission in case of extra-judicial partition
Section 2164 Rescission in case of judicial partition
Section 2165 Preterition or lack of intervention of some co-heirs
Section 2166 Additional partition
Section 2167 Definition of right to property
Section 2168 Kinds of ownership
Section 2169 Rights of the owners
Section 2170 Limitations on the right to ownership
Section 2171 Absolute and determinable ownership
Section 2172 Presumption of absolute ownership
Section 2173 Indicia of ownership
Section 2174 Effects of termination of ownership
Section 2175 Sole and joint property
Section 2176 Rights of a co-owner
Section 2177 Disposal of specified portion of a common property
Section 2178 Expenses for the conservation of common thing
Section 2179 Use and administration of the common thing
Section 2180 Division of common asset
Section 2181 Mode of Partition
Section 2182 Partition through arbitrators
Section 2183 Indivisible asset
Section 2184 External form of partition of immobile assets
Section 2185 Agreement not to partition common asset
Section 2186 Rights of co-owner after partition
Section 2187 Absolute ownership and limited property
Section 2188 Rights of a holder of a share in the property
Section 2189 Types of limited property
Section 2190 Concept of share
Section 2191 Administrator of the property
Section 2192 Improvements: in whose favour do they revert
Section 2193 All share holders are necessary parties in a title suit
Section 2194 Right of share holder
Section 2195 Preferential rights of possessor and share holders
Section 2196 Abolition of share in future
Section 2197 Usufruct
Section 2198 Usufruct, how constituted
Section 2199 Simultaneous and successive usufruct
Section 2200 Forms of usufruct
Section 2201 Regulation of usufruct
Section 2202 Usufructuary’s right of fruition
Section 2203 Outstanding produce
Section 2204 Incomplete factory manufactured industrial products
Section 2205 Civil fruits
Section 2206 Rights inherent to the thing under enjoyment
Section 2207 Other rights of the usufructuary
Section 2208 Usufruct of perishable objects
Section 2209 Quasi Usufruct
Section 2210 Usufruct of vines and olive plantations
Section 2211 Usufruct of woods and pine
Section 2212 Usufruct of plants in nursery
Section 2213 Digging of mines and stone quarries
Section 2214 Usufruct of manufacturing establishment
Section 2215 Additional patent subsequent to the alienation of the usufruct of the invention
Section 2216 Treasure found in the property under enjoyment
Section 2217 Right to make improvements to the object of usufruct
Section 2218 Letter of addition to the invention obtained by usufructuary
Section 2219 Preservation of the usufruct
Section 2220 Compensation for deterioration through improvements
Section 2221 Duties of the Usufructuary
Section 2222 Non furnishing of security
Section 2223 Mode of enjoyment
Section 2224 Responsibility of the usufructuary for the alienation of the usufruct
Section 2225 Duties of usufructuary of herds and flocks
Section 2226 Duties of usufructuary of fruit bearing trees
Section 2227 Consent for acts by the owner
Section 2228 Ordinary repairs
Section 2229 Extra ordinary maintenance
Section 2230 Extra ordinary repairs made by the owner
Section 2231 Liabilities of the General Usufructuary of an inheritance
Section 2232 Liabilities of the usufructuary of a share of the inheritance
Section 2233 Position of the usufructuary of specified items of the inheritance
Section 2234 Usufruct of mortgaged properties
Section 2235 Payments of the debts of the inheritance by the usufructuary thereof
Section 2236 Payment of the debts of the inheritance by a mere owner
Section 2237 The usufruct of amounts invested on interest, public issues or shares
Section 2238 Ordinary taxes and other annual dues
Section 2239 Outgoings over capitals or property
Section 2240 Violation of the right to property by third person
Section 2241 Causes of the extinction of the usufruct
Section 2242 Rescission by the creditors of the relinquishment by the usufructuary
Section 2243 Partial loss of the thing enjoyed
Section 2244 Duration of usufructuary to the benefit of legal persons
Section 2245 Usufructuary granted till certain age of a third party
Section 2246 The usufruct over a building eventually destroyed
Section 2247 Destruction of building integrated in rural property under usufruct
Section 2248 Acquisition of the thing under usufruct for public purpose
Section 2249 Misuse of the thing enjoyed
Section 2250 Extinction of usufruct favouring many persons
Section 2251 Effects of extinction of usufruct
Section 2252 Sharing of fruits not plucked
Section 2253 Liability of the usufructuary for the fruits collected prematurely
Section 2254 Rights of use and habitation
Section 2255 Mode of Constitution
Section 2256 Duties of person using
Section 2257 Use of the fruits of the property
Section 2258 Personal nature of the right to use
Section 2259 Expenses which are fully to be borne by the person using
Section 2260 Encumbrances which only partially affect the person using
Section 2261 Other provisions applicable to the right of use
Section 2262 Right of common pastures
Section 2263 Pasturage in public lands
Section 2264 Mode of constitution
Section 2265 Abolition of certain kinds of common pasturage
Section 2266 Remission of perpetual encumbrance of pasturage
Section 2267 Concept of Easement
Section 2268 Inseparability of the properties
Section 2269 Indivisibility of Easements
Section 2270 Classification of Easements
Section 2271 Sources of Easements
Section 2272 Mode of Constitution of apparent easements
Section 2273 Modes of Constitution of non apparent easements
Section 2274 Easement by indication by a head of family
Section 2275 Regulation of easements constituted by legal transaction
Section 2276 Right to do acts to secure enjoyment
Section 2277 Works to be carried out by owner of servient tenement
Section 2278 Changes of easement
Section 2279 Extinction of easements
Section 2280 Counting of non–user
Section 2281 Interruption of non–use when there are many dominant proprietors
Section 2282 Legal easement of water drainage
Section 2283 Protection works to contain waters
Section 2284 Removal of materials which may hinder the course of waters
Section 2285 Duty to contribute towards expenses of aforesaid works
Section 2286 Restrictions on the right to property
Section 2287 Right of Enjoyment
Section 2288 Vertical limits of property
Section 2289 Concept of Accession
Section 2290 Natural accession
Section 2291 Alluvion
Section 2292 Avulsion
Section 2293 Land flooded or submerged due to change of the direction of current
Section 2294 Ownership of certain islands and river islands
Section 2295 Islands and Banks in non navigable rivers
Section 2296 Land flooded by a current which splits up
Section 2297 Lakes and ponds
Section 2298 Industrial accession
Section 2299 Coming together or confounding in good faith
Section 2300 Coming together or merge in bad faith
Section 2301 Casual merger
Section 2302 Specification in good faith
Section 2303 Transformation in bad faith
Section 2304 Construction in own property with materials belonging to another
Section 2305 Cultivation in own property with seed belonging to another
Section 2306 Construction or plantation in the property of another
Section 2307 Construction or plantation in bad faith in the property of another
Section 2308 Acquisition of trees belonging to another in own property
Section 2309 Easement of passage by operation of law
Section 2310 Location of the passage
Section 2311 Transfer of land locked property by one of the adjoining owners
Section 2312 Content of the Right of Easement
Section 2313 Cessation of easement
Section 2314 Right of access or transit
Section 2315 Right of transformation
Section 2316 Limits to the rights of transformation
Section 2317 Plantation of trees and bushes
Section 2318 Plucking of fruits
Section 2319 Ownership of trees along the boundary line
Section 2320 Uprooting of common trees or bushes
Section 2321 Right to dig mines or excavation
Section 2322 Limitations to the above rights
Section 2323 Restriction on the right to make excavation
Section 2324 Right to construct or build
Section 2325 Easement of air and light
Section 2326 Properties exempted from the present restriction
Section 2327 Means to avoid dropping of water over adjoining properties
Section 2328 Forced sharing of compound wall
Section 2329 Opening of windows in common wall
Section 2330 Construction over common compound wall
Section 2331 Raising of common compound wall
Section 2332 Right and duty to reconstruct the existing wall
Section 2333 Forced communion in the raised portion of a wall
Section 2334 Repair and reconstruction of common wall
Section 2335 Repairs to various floors belonging to different owners
Section 2336 Ownership of boundary wall
Section 2337 Presumption of communion
Section 2338 Construction of soak pits along common wall or neighbouring wall
Section 2339 Right of exclusion and defence
Section 2340 Right of demarcation
Section 2341 Basis of Demarcation
Section 2342 Demarcation in case the title or possession is not sufficient
Section 2343 Title document in conflict with the area of the land
Section 2344 Mistake in fixation of boundary marks
Section 2345 Right to demarcation not subject to prescription
Section 2346 Right to enclose property
Section 2347 Opening of trenches or ditches around property
Section 2348 Canals and water outlets presumed to be held in common
Section 2349 Indications that holding is not in common
Section 2350 Conservation and cleaning of common canal
Section 2351 Presumption regarding ownership of fence of living plants
Section 2352 Conservation and replanting of common fence
Section 2353 Raising of wooden fences and hedges
Section 2354 Right of defence
Section 2355 Bar on new work
Section 2356 Right of restitution and compensation of violated rights
Section 2357 Modes of alienation or transfer
Section 2358 Need for express alienation
Section 2359 Primacy of right of alienation
Section 2360 Acquisition for public purpose
Section 2361 Duty to compensate for violation of the right of another
Section 2362 Mode of violation of rights
Section 2363 Types of liability for unlawful acts and omissions
Section 2364 Concept of Criminal and Civil Liability
Section 2365 Connection between Criminal and Civil liability
Section 2366 Heritability of right to compensation
Section 2367 Principle of self defence
Section 2368 Duty to assist the victim
Section 2369 Determination and assessment of the limits of fair defence
Section 2370 The legitimacy of self defence
Section 2371 Liability of the persons incharge of public security
Section 2372 Joint responsibility of offenders
Section 2373 Court having jurisdiction to order civil compensation
Section 2374 Civil damages to person who was not party to the criminal case
Section 2375 Security for the right to compensation
Section 2376 Security for compensation for married offender
Section 2377 Grounds for exemption from criminal responsibility but not from civil compensation
Section 2378 Limits of compensation in case of a person of unsound mind
Section 2379 Civil liability of minor
Section 2380 Liability for damages caused by employees or agents
Section 2381 Damages caused in guest houses or hotels
Section 2382 Types of damages
Section 2383 Violation of primary rights and acquired rights
Section 2384 Compensation in case of voluntary homicide
Section 2385 Compensation for culpable homicide
Section 2386 Compensation in the case of voluntary hurt
Section 2387 Injuries not caused voluntarily
Section 2388 Acts in violation of personal liberty
Section 2389 Wrongs against good name and reputation
Section 2390 False accusation or allegation of any crime
Section 2391 Violation of honour and virginity
Section 2392 Encroachment or violation of rights
Section 2393 Contractual Liability
Section 2394 Liability for damages caused by animals or by other private things
Section 2395 Damage caused by collapse of a building which was in danger of collapsing
Section 2396 Damages caused out of necessity
Section 2397 Damage ordered by Public authority
Section 2398 Losses caused by non-observance of regulations or by negligence
Section 2399 Damages caused by public servants in performance of duty
Section 2400 Damages caused by public servants exceeding their lawful powers
Section 2401 Liability of Judge for their judgements
Section 2402 Crimes, abuses and judicial errors by judges
Section 2403 Compensation due to an accused acquitted in Revision for a criminal sentence already executed
Section 2404 Definition of proof
Section 2405 Onus of proof
Section 2406 Proof of local or foreign law
Section 2407 Means of proof
Section 2408 Definition of admission
Section 2409 Types of admission
Section 2410 Meaning of judicial admission
Section 2411 Deposition by party
Section 2412 Probative value of judicial admission
Section 2413 Revocation of judicial admission
Section 2414 Meaning of extrajudicial admission
Section 2415 Modes of effecting extrajudicial admission
Section 2416 Probative value of extrajudicial admission
Section 2417 Admission should be taken as a whole
Section 2418 Evidence by verification of facts in relation to immovables and movables
Section 2419 Probative value of verification of facts in respect of movables and immovables
Section 2420 Definition of documentary evidence
Section 2421 Types of documents
Section 2422 Meaning of authentic document
Section 2423 Kinds of authentic documents
Section 2424 Documents separately kept at ‘Torre de Tombo’
Section 2425 Probative value of authentic official documents
Section 2426 Probative value of authentic extra-official documents
Section 2427 Declarations not covered by probative value of authentic documents
Section 2428 Indispensable nature of proof by authentic document
Section 2429 Reconstitution of misplaced or spoilt documents
Section 2430 Probative value of authentic documents issued in foreign countries
Section 2431 Definition of private documents
Section 2432 Private documents written and signed by their author
Section 2433 Probative value of private documents signed by the author or witness
Section 2434 Private documents signed on request or by cross
Section 2435 Burden cast on person to whom a writing is attributed
Section 2436 Date of private documents in relation to third person
Section 2437 Private writing which does not hold against its author
Section 2438 Notings by creditor in document creating obligation
Section 2439 Value of personal household documents
Section 2440 Personal household documents to be taken as a whole
Section 2441 Proof of births, marriages and deaths
Section 2442 Proof of unregistered facts
Section 2443 Acts prior to the Code
Section 2444 Details to be included in certificate
Section 2445 Scope of Civil Registration
Section 2446 Serial number for registration entries
Section 2447 Reading of record
Section 2448 Requirement of records
Section 2449 Particulars mentioned in the record
Section 2450 Corrections or additions to the record
Section 2451 Initialing of documents presented
Section 2452 Duplicate registration
Section 2453 Archives of closed books
Section 2454 Transcription in the Civil Registration Office of the domicile of parties
Section 2455 Records made at residence
Section 2456 Registration of civil acts concerning foreigners
Section 2457 Organization of Civil Registration system
Section 2458 Penalties for violation
Section 2459 Birth record
Section 2460 Persons liable to declare the birth
Section 2461 Declaration of the existence of foundlings or abandoned children
Section 2462 Official competent to receive birth declaration
Section 2463 Signing of birth record
Section 2464 Special requirements of birth registration
Section 2465 Requirements for birth record of abandoned children
Section 2466 Birth registration of children who died before registration
Section 2467 Particulars of parents and grand-parents
Section 2468 Presumption of legitimacy of children born during subsistence of marriage
Section 2469 Entries of legitimation and recognition
Section 2470 Birth records of those born in homes for lepers
Section 2471 Record of birth during sea voyage
Section 2472 Delivery of signed note
Section 2473 Transcription of birth registration
Section 2474 Registration of birth occurred during land journey
Section 2475 Registration of marriages
Section 2476 Registration (transcription) of Catholic marriage
Section 2477 Record of marriage celebrated before Civil Registration office
Section 2478 Requirement of entry
Section 2479 Transcription of marriage by Portuguese citizen in a foreign country
Section 2480 Endorsement of annulment
Section 2481 Registration of Death
Section 2482 Report of Death
Section 2483 Requirement of death record
Section 2484 Record of death occurred in hospital, jails and leper homes
Section 2485 Registration of death of unknown person
Section 2486 Registration of death during sea journey
Section 2487 Registration of death occurs during land journey
Section 2488 Register of acknowledgement and legitimations
Section 2489 Records to be made in the aforesaid book
Section 2490 Requirements in records of legitimation or acknowledgement
Section 2491 Endorsement on the records
Section 2492 Capacity to be witness
Section 2493 Defects which undo the probative value of authentic documents
Section 2494 Nullity of official documents
Section 2495 Nullity of extra-official documents
Section 2496 Falsity of documents
Section 2497 Authenticity of document prior to XVI century
Section 2498 Probative value
Section 2499 Need for transcripts of Powers of Attorney mentioned in documents
Section 2500 Suspicion of falsity of transcript or certificate
Section 2501 Requirements of transcripts and certificates
Section 2502 Meaning of Res judicata
Section 2503 Requisites of Res Judicata
Section 2504 Value of Criminal Res Judicata in Civil matters
Section 2505 Effect of acquittal of accused in criminal case on civil suit for damages
Section 2506 Admissibility
Section 2507 Limits to use of oral evidence
Section 2508 Oral evidence against or beyond legalized documents
Section 2509 Who can be a witness
Section 2510 Natural disability from being witness
Section 2511 Legal incapacity
Section 2512 Testimony of a sole witness
Section 2513 Single deposition tending to prove the same
Section 2514 Probative value of depositions
Section 2515 Defendant’s evidence to prevail
Section 2516 Meaning
Section 2517 Force of legal presumptions
Section 2518 Rebuttal of legal presumptions
Section 2519 Judicial discretion as to presumption
Section 2520 Requirements
Section 2521 Kinds of oath
Section 2522 Meaning of different kinds of oath
Section 2523 Admissibility
Section 2524 Stage at which decisory oath may be taken
Section 2525 Consequences of refusal
Section 2526 When oath can be taken
Section 2527 Effects of oath
Section 2528 Bar on retracting from oath
Section 2529 Consequences of oath
Section 2530 Oath by one of joint creditors
Section 2531 Oaths which benefit third parties
Section 2532 Limitations to the preceding provision
Section 2533 Limits as to admissibility
Section 2534 Consequence of ex-officio oath
Section 2535 Bar on self defence
Section 2536 Role of law in protection of rights
Section 2537 Means to defend and secure rights
Section 2538 Laws regulating suits and courts
Section Sole paragraph The interest, relating to previous years
Section Sole paragraph (preceding 964) Fortuitous destruction or misplacing of certificate

Portuguese Civil Code, 1867

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State Act · Goa
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Portuguese Civil Code, 1867
Section 1295

←Section 1294 Section 1296→

Section 1295 of Portuguese Civil Code, 1867 — Partition of acquired assets

Bare section text

Official Legislative Text

[Content not provided] Where there are acquired assets, the same shall be shared in the proportion laid down in article 1290.

Notes for this section are being prepared — this page will update on its own once they’re ready.

1294PreviousSection 1294 Benefit to the owner of cattle used in the cultivation of immovables 1296NextSection 1296 Profits in cultivation of immovables of others