Section 42 of THE ADVOCATES ACT, 1961 __________
Powers of disciplinary committee.
- (1)The disciplinary committee of a Bar Council shall have the same powers as are vested in a civil court under the Code of Civil Procedure, 1908 (5 of 1908), in respect of the following matters, namely:―
- (a)summoning and enforcing the attendance of any person and examining him on oath;
- (b)requiring discovery and production of any documents;
- (c)receiving evidence on affidavits;
- (d)requisitioning any public record or copies thereof from any court or office;
- (e)issuing commissions for the examination of witnesses or documents;
- (f)any other matter which may be prescribed: 3. Section 40 re-numbered as sub-section (1) of that section by s. 30, ibid. (w.e.f. 31-1-1974). 5. Clause (b) omitted by s. 31, ibid. (w.e.f. 31-1-1974). 6. The words “or the common roll, as the case may be” omitted by s. 31, ibid. (w.e.f. 31-1-1974). 7. Sub-section (2) omitted by s. 31, ibid. (w.e.f. 31-1-1974). Provided that no such disciplinary committee shall have the right to require the attendance of—
- (a)any presiding officer of a court except with the previous sanction of the High Court to which such court is subordinate;
- (b)any officer of a revenue court except with the previous sanction of the State Government.
- (2)All proceedings before a disciplinary committee of a Bar Council shall be deemed to be judicial proceedings within the meaning of sections 193 and 228 of the Indian Penal Code (45 of 1860), and every such disciplinary committee shall be deemed to be a civil court for the purposes of sections 480, 482 and 485 of the Code of Criminal Procedure, 18981 (5 of 1898).
- (3)For the purposes of exercising any of the powers conferred by sub-section (1), a disciplinary committee may send to any civil court in the territories to which this Act extends, any summons or other process, for the attendance of a witness or the production of a document required by the committee or any commission which it desires to issue, and the civil court shall cause such process to be served or such commission to be issued, as the case may be, and may enforce any such process as if it were a process for attendance or production before itself. 2[(4) Notwithstanding the absence of the Chairman or any member of a disciplinary committee on a date fixed for the hearing of a case before it, the disciplinary committee may, if it so thinks fit, hold or continue the proceedings on the date so fixed and no such proceedings and no order made by the disciplinary committee in any such proceedings shall be invalid merely by reason of the absence of the Chairman or member thereof on any such date: Provided that no final orders of the nature referred to in sub- section (3) of section 35 shall be made in any proceeding unless the Chairman and other members of the disciplinary committee are present.
- (5)Where no final orders of the nature referred to in sub- section (3) of section 35 can be made in any proceedings in accordance with the opinion of the Chairman and the members of a disciplinary committee either for want of majority opinion amongst themselves or otherwise, the case, with their opinion thereon, shall be laid before the Chairman of the Bar Council concerned or if the Chairman of the Bar Council is acting as the Chairman or a member of the disciplinary committee, before the Vice-Chairman of the Bar Council, and the said Chairman or the Vice-Chairman of the Bar Council, as the case may be, after such hearing as he thinks fit, shall deliver his opinion and the final order of the disciplinary committee shall follow such opinion.]
↩1.Ins. by Act 60 of 1973, s. 28 (w.e.f. 31-1-1974).
↩2.Subs. by s. 29, ibid., for section 39 (w.e.f. 31-1-1974).
↩4.Ins. by s. 30, ibid. (w.e.f. 31-1-1974).
Summary
- Disciplinary committees have the same powers as a civil court to gather evidence and facts.
- They can force people to attend hearings and make them testify under oath.
- They can demand that people find and bring forward specific documents.
- They can accept evidence through written, signed statements called affidavits.
- Hearings before the committee are considered "judicial proceedings," meaning they are treated like court cases.
- For a final order to punish an advocate, the Chairman and every member of the committee must be present.
Practical examples
FAQ
1. Can a disciplinary committee force me to come and testify?
Yes, they have the same power as a civil court to summon people and enforce their attendance.
2. Are these meetings just informal talks?
No, they are considered "judicial proceedings," and the committee is treated as a civil court for several legal purposes.
3. What happens if the committee members cannot agree on a punishment?
The case is sent to the Chairman or Vice-Chairman of the Bar Council, who will hear the matter and give an opinion that determines the final order.
4. Can they demand records from a government office?
Yes, they can request public records or copies of those records from any court or office.
5. Can they punish a judge or a court officer?
They cannot force a court officer to attend without permission from the High Court, or a revenue officer without State Government permission.
Test yourself
1.Under Section 42 of THE ADVOCATES ACT, 1961 __, a disciplinary committee has the same powers as which type of court?
2.Under Section 42 of THE ADVOCATES ACT, 1961 __, what is required for a final order of punishment under Section 35 to be valid?
3.Under Section 42 of THE ADVOCATES ACT, 1961 __, whose permission is needed to summon a presiding officer of a court?
4.Under Section 42 of THE ADVOCATES ACT, 1961 __, what happens if the committee is split and cannot reach a majority opinion?